Background

Evidence from previous virus epidemics has shown that infected patients are at risk for developing psychiatric and mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Hence, to collect high-quality data on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be the immediate priority.

Methods

A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases was conducted from January 1, 2020 to December 26, 2020 for eligible studies reporting on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms in patients with COVID-19. Studies meeting the following criteria were included in the analysis: (1) included patients with COVD-19; (2) recorded the prevalence of depression, anxiety, or insomnia symptom; (3) sample size ≥30; (4) with validated screening tools; and (5) passed through the international peer-review process. Data extraction and quality assessment was independently performed by two reviewers. The quality effects meta-analysis was conducted further to calculate the pooled prevalence.

Results

Twenty-two studies were included for analysis with a total of 4318 patients. The pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms was 38% (95% CI = 25–51), 38% (95% CI = 24–52), and 48% (95% CI = 11–85), respectively. Neither subgroup analysis nor sensitivity analysis can explain the source of high heterogeneity. In addition, the prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms varied based on different screening tools.

Conclusions

The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms are prevalent in a considerable proportion of patients with COVID-19. Thus, early detection and properly intervention for mental illness in this population are of great significance. Additionally, the quality of included studies to date has been variable, and ongoing surveillance is essential.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 患者抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状的患病率：质量效应模型的荟萃分析

背景

先前病毒流行的证据表明，受感染的患者有患精神和心理健康障碍的风险，例如抑郁、焦虑和失眠。因此，收集关于 COVID-19 大流行对 SARS-CoV-2 感染者抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状流行影响的高质量数据应该是当务之急。

方法

从 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 12 月 26 日，对 Medline、Embase、Web of Science 和 PsycINFO 数据库进行了全面搜索，以获取报告 COVID-19 患者抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状患病率的符合条件的研究。符合以下标准的研究被纳入分析：(1) 包括 COVD-19 患者；(2)记录抑郁、焦虑或失眠症状的患病率；(3) 样本量≥30；(4) 具有经过验证的筛选工具；(5) 通过国际同行评审程序。数据提取和质量评估由两名审查员独立进行。进一步进行质量效应荟萃分析以计算汇总流行率。

结果

22 项研究被纳入分析，共有 4318 名患者。抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状的合并患病率分别为 38% (95% CI = 25–51)、38% (95% CI = 24–52) 和 48% (95% CI = 11–85)。亚组分析和敏感性分析都不能解释高异质性的来源。此外，抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状的患病率估计因不同的筛查工具而异。

结论

目前的系统评价和荟萃分析表明，相当比例的 COVID-19 患者普遍存在抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状。因此，对这一人群的精神疾病进行早期发现和适当干预具有重要意义。此外，迄今为止纳入研究的质量参差不齐，持续监测至关重要。