ABSTRACT

Purpose

To investigate the prevalence of dual sensory impairment (DSI), its associated factors and relationship with health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in residential care facilities (RCF) in Singapore.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 123 residents aged ≥40 years from six RCFs, conducted between 2016 and 2018. DSI was defined as concomitant presenting visual acuity (better-eye) >0.3 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution and a pure-tone air conduction threshold (better-ear) >40 dB HL in any of the four tested frequencies (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz). HR-QoL was quantified using the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine the associated factors of DSI. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the association between DSI and HR-QoL adjusted for traditional confounders.

Results

Of the 123 residents (age [mean±standard deviation] 75.3 ± 10.8 years; 56.9% male), 97 (78.9%[95% confidence interval(CI):71.6%, 86.1%]) had DSI, with 110 (98.2%) not on follow-up care for their sensory disabilities. In multivariable models, male gender (prevalence ratio(PR) [95%CI] = 1.3[1.1, 1.6]), older age (per 10-year increase (1.2[1.1, 1.3])), education ≤6 years (1.3[1.1, 1.7]) and the presence of cataract (1.3[1.0, 1.7]) were independently associated with DSI. DSI was independently associated with a substantial worsening in HR-QoL (β = −0.61; 95%CI: −0.76, −0.45; p < .001).

Conclusions

DSI affects four in five residential care residents and is substantially associated with reductions in HR-QoL in these residents. Our finding highlights an urgent need for the implementation of routine vision and hearing screening and follow-up care for residents living in these facilities.

中文翻译：

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新加坡住宅护理设施中双重感觉障碍的患病率、相关因素和与健康相关的生活质量

摘要

目的

调查新加坡住宅护理设施 (RCF) 中双重感觉障碍 (DSI) 的患病率、相关因素以及与健康相关生活质量 (HR-QoL) 的关系。

方法

这是一项在 2016 年至 2018 年间对来自六个 RCF 的 123 名年龄≥40 岁的居民进行的横断面研究。DSI 被定义为同时呈现视力（更好的眼睛）>0.3 最小分辨率角度的对数和纯-在四个测试频率（500、1000、2000 和 4000 Hz）中的任何一个频率下，音调空气传导阈值（好耳）>40 dB HL。HR-QoL 使用 EuroQol 五维问卷进行量化。多变量泊松回归用于确定DSI的相关因素。多变量线性回归用于确定针对传统混杂因素调整的 DSI 和 HR-QoL 之间的关联。

结果

在 123 名居民中（年龄 [平均值±标准差] 75.3 ± 10.8 岁；56.9% 男性），97 人（78.9%[95% 置信区间（CI）：71.6%，86.1%]）患有 DSI，其中 110 人（98.2% ) 不对其感觉障碍进行后续护理。在多变量模型中，男性（患病率（PR）[95%CI] = 1.3[1.1, 1.6]），年龄较大（每增加 10 年（1.2[1.1, 1.3]）），教育≤6 年（1.3 [1.1, 1.7]) 和白内障的存在 (1.3[1.0, 1.7]) 与 DSI 独立相关。DSI 与 HR-QoL 的显着恶化独立相关（β = -0.61；95%CI：-0.76，-0.45；p < .001）。

结论

DSI 影响五分之四的住院护理居民，并且与这些居民的 HR-QoL 降低密切相关。我们的发现强调了对居住在这些设施中的居民实施常规视力和听力筛查和后续护理的迫切需要。