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The Atrazine Saga and its Importance to the Future of Toxicology, Science, and Environmental and Human Health
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5037
Jason R Rohr 1
Affiliation  

The herbicide atrazine is one of the most commonly used, well studied, and controversial pesticides on the planet. Much of the controversy involves the effects of atrazine on wildlife, particularly amphibians, and the ethically questionable decision making of members of industry, government, the legal system, and institutions of higher education, in most cases in an effort to “bend science,” defined as manipulating research to advance economic, political, or ideological ends. In this Critical Perspective I provide a timeline of the most salient events in the history of the atrazine saga, which includes a multimillion-dollar smear campaign, lawsuits, investigative reporting, accusation of impropriety against the US Environmental Protection Agency, and a multibillion-dollar transaction. I argue that the atrazine controversy must be more than just a true story of cover-ups, bias, and vengeance. It must be used as an example of how manufacturing uncertainty and bending science can be exploited to delay undesired regulatory decisions and how greed and conflicts of interest—situations where personal or organizational considerations have compromised or biased professional judgment and objectivity—can affect environmental and public health and erode trust in the discipline of toxicology, science in general, and the honorable functioning of societies. Most importantly, I offer several recommendations that should help to 1) prevent the history of atrazine from repeating itself, 2) enhance the credibility and integrity of science, and 3) enrich human and environmental health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1544–1558. © 2021 SETAC

中文翻译:

阿特拉津传奇及其对毒理学、科学、环境和人类健康未来的重要性

除草剂阿特拉津是地球上最常用、研究最充分和有争议的杀虫剂之一。大部分争议涉及阿特拉津对野生动物,尤其是两栖动物的影响,以及工业、政府、法律体系和高等教育机构成员在道德上存在问题的决策,在大多数情况下是为了“扭曲科学”,定义为操纵研究以推进经济、政治或意识形态目的。在这篇批判性观点中,我提供了阿特拉津传奇历史上最显着事件的时间表,其中包括数百万美元的诽谤运动、诉讼、调查报告、对美国环境保护署的不当指控以及数十亿美元的交易。我认为,阿特拉津的争议绝不仅仅是一个关于掩盖、偏见和复仇的真实故事。它必须被用作一个例子,说明如何利用制造不确定性和弯曲科学来延迟不受欢迎的监管决策,以及贪婪和利益冲突——个人或组织考虑损害或有偏见的专业判断和客观性的情况——如何影响环境和公众健康并削弱对毒理学学科、一般科学和社会光荣运作的信任。最重要的是,我提出了一些建议,这些建议应该有助于 1) 防止阿特拉津的历史重演,2) 提高科学的可信度和完整性,以及 3) 丰富人类和环境健康。它必须被用作一个例子,说明如何利用制造不确定性和弯曲科学来延迟不受欢迎的监管决策,以及贪婪和利益冲突——个人或组织考虑损害或有偏见的专业判断和客观性的情况——如何影响环境和公众健康并削弱对毒理学学科、一般科学和社会光荣运作的信任。最重要的是,我提出了一些建议,这些建议应该有助于 1) 防止阿特拉津的历史重演,2) 提高科学的可信度和完整性,以及 3) 丰富人类和环境健康。它必须被用作一个例子,说明如何利用制造不确定性和弯曲科学来延迟不受欢迎的监管决策,以及贪婪和利益冲突——个人或组织考虑损害或有偏见的专业判断和客观性的情况——如何影响环境和公众健康并削弱对毒理学学科、一般科学和社会光荣运作的信任。最重要的是,我提出了一些建议,这些建议应该有助于 1) 防止阿特拉津的历史重演,2) 提高科学的可信度和完整性,以及 3) 丰富人类和环境健康。环境毒物化学2021;40:1544–1558。© 2021 SETAC
更新日期:2021-05-25
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