Abstract

This article argues that the business alliance between the Polish nobility and the Jews was central to the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth’s overcoming the economic crisis of the mid-seventeenth following the decline of grain exports. The leaseholding agreements by which the nobles entrusted the management of their landed property and monopoly rights to the Jews allowed the exploitation of local markets as the main outlet for grain production while the reshaping of the river trade’s organisation supported new products’ exports as well as those of grain. In contrast, the article explains how, by virtue of their integration into the management of the nobles’ estates, Jewish communities remained entangled in the meshes of the Polish feudal system, and exposed, as a symbol of its oppression, to antisemitic attacks. The ‘philosemitic mercantilism’ pursed by the nobles did not come to guarantee the Jews a tolerance based on the rule of law. The price was a brake on economic growth.

摘要

本文认为，波兰贵族和犹太人之间的商业联盟对于波兰立陶宛联邦克服谷物出口下降带来的十七世纪中叶的经济危机至关重要。贵族将土地所有权和垄断权委托给犹太人的租赁协议，允许开发本地市场作为谷物生产的主要渠道，而改组内河贸易组织的方式则支持了新产品以及那些新产品的出口。谷物。相比之下，该文章解释了犹太人社区如何通过融入贵族庄园管理而纠结于波兰封建制度的网眼中，并作为其压迫的象征而遭受反犹太人的攻击。贵族追求的“慈善重商主义”并不能保证犹太人对法治的宽容。价格阻碍了经济增长。