Human actions over the years have aroused concerns due to their potential pollution, causing an increase in the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Polymeric membranes have been used to separate these gases and this technology has proved itself very promising since it presents a lower energy consumption when compared to other separation processes. In this study, the effect of calcium carbonate additives and of oyster powder was evaluated on polymeric polyurethane (PU) membranes. The membranes were obtained by the phase inversion technique using two different techniques: immersion precipitation and solvent evaporation. The obtained membranes were tested in the separation of CH₄ and CO₂ from greenhouse gases, which are the main contributors to the increase of the greenhouse effects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), permeability and selectivity tests were performed to characterize the synthesized composite membranes. The SEM results showed a dense membrane morphology with an increase in free volume when the additives were incorporated to the PU structure. According to the FTIR results, the membranes obtained did not change the structure of the PU. As for the application tests, all composite membranes showed greater permeability for CH₄ gas, due to a greater affinity of the gas with the polymeric matrix. The addition of both CaCO₃ and oyster powder to the composition of the polymeric membrane contributed to increase the permeability of the gases tested, due to the increase in free volume.

多年来，由于人类行为的潜在污染，引起了人们的关注，导致温室气体向大气中的排放增加。聚合物膜已被用于分离这些气体，并且与其他分离方法相比，该技术具有较低的能耗，因此该技术本身已被证明非常有前途。在这项研究中，评估了碳酸钙添加剂和牡蛎粉对聚合聚氨酯（PU）膜的影响。通过使用两种不同技术的相转化技术获得膜：浸没沉淀和溶剂蒸发。在分离CH ₄和CO _2的过程中测试了获得的膜温室气体产生的温室气体，这是增加温室效应的主要因素。进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM），傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），热重分析（TGA），渗透性和选择性测试，以表征合成的复合膜。SEM结果显示当将添加剂掺入PU结构中时，致密的膜形态随自由体积的增加而增加。根据FTIR结果，获得的膜没有改变PU的结构。至于应用测试，由于气体与聚合物基体的亲和力更高，所有复合膜均显示出对CH ₄气体的更大渗透性。两种CaCO _3的添加 牡蛎粉对聚合物膜组成的影响是由于自由体积的增加而增加了测试气体的渗透性。