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On experimental tests for studying altruism in capuchin monkeys
Behavioural Processes ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104424
Benoit Bucher 1 , Hika Kuroshima 2 , James R Anderson 2 , Kazuo Fujita 2
Affiliation  

Altruism is often considered as the ultimate form of prosociality and is defined as any act that benefits others without direct benefit to the actor. Many nonhuman species have been reported to express different forms of altruism, although their expression in experimental studies is highly dependent on the paradigm used. Tufted capuchin monkeys are one of the most studied species; however, the evidence for altruism in this species remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether two paradigms, adapted from those in which great apes have shown altruism, could be useful for revealing signs of altruistic capabilities in capuchins. Pairs of monkeys were tested in two experiments involving a similar mechanism but with different costs to acting altruistically. The first used a more costly operant sharing task in which an operator could unlock a door to allow a recipient to enter the room and share his food. The second consisted of a less costly helping task, in which the operator’s food was secured but he could help the recipient to get other food that was in a locked container. The results suggest that capuchins, although apparently unwilling to share their food in a costly operant situation, might altruistically help selected recipients, in response to requesting by the latter. While our small sample size along with procedural limitations preclude firm conclusions, we discuss how further ameliorations of our tasks could further contribute to the study of altruistic capacities in primates.



中文翻译:

关于卷尾猴利他主义研究的实验测试

利他主义通常被认为是亲社会性的最终形式,被定义为任何有益于他人而不直接给行动者带来利益的行为。据报道,许多非人类物种表达了不同形式的利他主义,尽管它们在实验研究中的表达高度依赖于所使用的范式。簇绒卷尾猴是研究最多的物种之一。然而,这个物种的利他主义证据仍然没有定论。这项研究旨在调查从类人猿表现出的利他主义的范式改编而来的两种范式是否有助于揭示卷尾猴利他能力的迹象。在两个实验中对成对的猴子进行了测试,这些实验涉及类似的机制,但利他行为的成本不同。第一种使用成本更高的操作员共享任务,其中操作员可以打开门以允许接收者进入房间并共享他的食物。第二个任务是成本较低的帮助任务,其中操作员的食物是安全的,但他可以帮助接受者获取锁在容器中的其他食物。结果表明,卷尾猴虽然显然不愿意在昂贵的经营情况下分享食物,但可以响应选择的接收者的要求而无私地帮助选择的接收者。尽管我们的样本量小,加上程序上的局限性,无法得出肯定的结论,但我们讨论了进一步改善任务的方式如何进一步有助于灵长类动物的利他能力的研究。第二个任务是成本较低的帮助任务,其中操作员的食物是安全的,但他可以帮助接受者获取锁在容器中的其他食物。结果表明,卷尾猴虽然显然不愿意在代价高昂的操作情况下分享他们的食物,但可能会无私地帮助选定的接受者,以响应后者的要求。虽然我们的小样本量和程序限制排除了确定的结论,但我们讨论了进一步改进我们的任务如何进一步有助于研究灵长类动物的利他能力。第二个任务是成本较低的帮助任务,其中操作员的食物是安全的,但他可以帮助接受者获取锁在容器中的其他食物。结果表明,卷尾猴虽然显然不愿意在代价高昂的操作情况下分享他们的食物,但可能会无私地帮助选定的接受者,以响应后者的要求。虽然我们的小样本量和程序限制排除了确定的结论,但我们讨论了进一步改进我们的任务如何进一步有助于研究灵长类动物的利他能力。可能会无私地帮助选定的收件人,以响应后者的请求。虽然我们的小样本量和程序限制排除了确定的结论,但我们讨论了进一步改进我们的任务如何进一步有助于研究灵长类动物的利他能力。可能会无私地帮助选定的收件人,以响应后者的请求。虽然我们的小样本量和程序限制排除了确定的结论,但我们讨论了进一步改进我们的任务如何进一步有助于研究灵长类动物的利他能力。

更新日期:2021-05-30
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