Key Points

• Countries around the world are confronted with an unprecedented health crisis, raising complex social, economical, and ethical challenges. To mitigate the spread of COVID-19, and as a way to transition out of complete lockdown, several Latin American countries have deployed or are considering deploying digital contact tracing applications.
• However, worldwide concerns have been raised over the widespread and generalized adoption of digital contact tracing applications. Concerns include their purpose, performance, impacts on privacy, data protection, human agency, and risks of stigmatization. Many of these emanate from mistrust in public authorities or technology firms, and fear of establishing mass surveillance. Disinformation and the lack of clear ethical, legal, and technical safeguards have polarized the public debate at a time when we need to build trust, and should not have to sacrifice civil liberties for public health.
• There is therefore a pressing need to co-design governance mechanisms that capture the health benefits of contact tracing applications while mitigating their potential risks and adverse effects. The urgency of the situation should not impact our collective ability to make informed decisions, and to responsibly navigate potential tensions between public health, safety, and civil liberties. Evidence suggests that the widespread adoption and efficacy of contact tracing applications is reliant on public trust and social acceptability, further reinforcing the need for ethical and legal frameworks governing their development.

中文翻译：

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针对COVID-19的数字联系人跟踪：建立信任的治理框架

关键点

• 世界各国都面临着前所未有的健康危机，带来了复杂的社会，经济和道德挑战。为了减轻COVID-19的传播并作为完全锁定的过渡方式，一些拉丁美洲国家已经部署或正在考虑部署数字联系人跟踪应用程序。
• 但是，对于数字联系人跟踪应用程序的广泛和普遍采用，已经引起了全世界的关注。关注的问题包括它们的目的，性能，对隐私的影响，数据保护，人为代理以及受到污名化的风险。其中许多源于对公共机构或技术公司的不信任，以及对建立大规模监视的恐惧。在我们需要建立信任，而又不应该为了公共健康而牺牲公民自由的时候，虚假信息以及缺乏明确的道德，法律和技术保障已经使公众辩论两极分化。
• 因此，迫切需要共同设计治理机制，以捕获联系跟踪应用程序的健康益处，同时减轻其潜在风险和不利影响。局势的紧迫性不应影响我们做出明智决定的集体能力，并以负责任的态度应对公共卫生，安全与公民自由之间潜在的紧张关系。有证据表明，接触者追踪应用程序的广泛采用和有效性取决于公众的信任和社会认可度，进一步加强了管理其发展的道德和法律框架的必要性。