Purpose

This study aimed to assess the success of the Japanese government’s “Early to bed, early to rise, and don’t forget your breakfast” (EB, ER, and DFB) health promotion program for adolescents, which has been ongoing since 2006.

Methods

We randomly selected 264 junior and senior high schools and conducted a survey of their habits related to EB, ER, and DFB. We defined EB, ER, and DFB as follows: bedtime before 10 p.m. (junior high school) or 11 p.m. (senior high school) and waking-up before 7 a.m., at which point the student should eat breakfast every day. Multivariate analysis was performed on the students’ lifestyles, and school-related factors were set as independent variables.

Results

Data from 84,988 participants (31,474 from junior and 53,514 from senior high school) were analyzed. The effective response rates were 47.9% for junior high schools and 53.7% for senior high schools (overall rate: 51.4%). The data showed that 70–80% of students complied with ER and DFB, while less than 10% complied with EB. For almost all adolescents, “using the Internet ≥ 2 h/day” was the most negative factor influencing EB, ER, and DFB, and “family rules for using the Internet” was the most positive factor.

Conclusions

For Japanese adolescents, it is especially important to promote the achievement of EB, and limits on the amount of time and rules for using the Internet were significantly related factors. Further study is required to clarify these causal relationships for an improved implementation of EB, ER, and DFB.

中文翻译：

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明确了影响针对日本青少年的“早睡早起，别忘了早餐”运动的因素

目的

这项研究旨在评估日本政府自2006年以来一直在开展的“早睡，早起床，别忘了吃早餐”（EB，ER和DFB）青少年健康促进计划的成功。

方法

我们随机选择了264所初中和高中，并对他们与EB，ER和DFB相关的习惯进行了调查。我们对EB，ER和DFB的定义如下：初中10 pm或高中11 pm之前就寝时间，早上7时之前起床，此时学生应该每天吃早餐。对学生的生活方式进行多变量分析，并将与学校相关的因素设置为自变量。

结果

分析了来自84,988名参与者（初中为31,474名，高中为53,514名）的数据。初中有效回应率为47.9％，高中有效回应率为53.7％（总体比率：51.4％）。数据显示，有70-80％的学生符合ER和DFB，而不到10％的学生符合EB。对于几乎所有青少年来说，“每天使用互联网≥2小时”是影响EB，ER和DFB的最不利因素，而“使用互联网的家庭规则”是最积极的因素。

结论

对于日本青少年而言，促进EB的实现尤为重要，并且时间限制和使用互联网规则是与之显着相关的因素。需要进一步研究来阐明这些因果关系，以改善EB，ER和DFB的实施。