Assessing the impacts of alien plant species is scientifically important and critical for supporting invasion-related policies. Generic Impact Scoring System (GISS) and Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) are standardized schemes to evaluate, compare, and eventually predict the magnitudes of the variety of impacts invasive species can have. Here, we apply these two systems to classify alien plants of Iran according to the magnitude of their environmental and socioeconomic impacts. A review of published literature and online resources was undertaken to collate information on the reported environmental and socioeconomics impacts of 27 alien plants in Iran. The resulting data ranked species by their total sum of impact scores and by their highest scores. According to total impact scores from GISS Eichhornia crassipes, Ailanthus altissima, Imperata cylindrica, Amsinckia menziesii, and Paulownia sp. had the highest impacts. About 60% of alien plants assessed had higher environmental impacts than socioeconomic impacts, 18% had higher scores for socioeconomic impacts, and 22% scored the same in both categories. According to EICAT, Ulex europaeus, Ambrosia psilostachya, E. crassipes, A. altissima, and A. menziesii were the five species with major impacts; other 16 species (59%) were classified as with moderate impacts, five with minor and two of minimal concern. Seven species had similar rankings by both GISS and EICAT. The deficit of scientific literature to quantify impacts on complex ecosystem services in Iran or emphasis on the reversibility of impacts in the EICAT protocol could explain differences in ranking of species by the two schemes. GISS and EICAT could be used to link impact magnitudes and type (environmental or socioeconomic) to biological traits to understand and forecast species with different types of impact.

评估外来植物物种的影响在科学上非常重要，对于支持与入侵有关的政策至关重要。通用影响力评分系统（GISS）和外来生物分类环境影响分类（EICAT）是用于评估，比较并最终预测入侵物种可能具有的各种影响程度的标准化方案。在这里，我们使用这两个系统根据对环境的影响和对社会经济的影响，对伊朗的外来植物进行分类。对已发表的文献和在线资源进行了审查，以整理有关伊朗27种外来植物的报道对环境和社会经济影响的信息。所得数据按物种的总影响得分和最高得分对物种进行排名。根据GISS的总影响力得分凤眼莲，臭椿，小白茅，Amsinckia menziesii和泡桐属。影响最大。被评估的外来植物中，约有60％的环境影响大于社会经济影响，18％的社会经济影响得分较高，而22％的两个类别的得分相同。根据EICAT，欧洲油菜（Ulex europaeus），安布罗西亚（Ambrosia psilostachya），大肠埃希氏菌（E. crassipes），大叶阿米氏菌（A. altissima）和门氏伊曲菌（A.menziesii）是五个具有重大影响的物种；其他16个物种（占59％）被列为具有中等影响，五个受到轻微影响，两个受到最小关注。GISS和EICAT都对七个物种进行了相似的排名。缺乏科学文献来量化对伊朗复杂生态系统服务的影响或强调EICAT协议中影响的可逆性，可以解释这两种方案在物种排名上的差异。GISS和EICAT可用于将影响程度和类型（环境或社会经济）与生物学特征联系起来，以了解和预测具有不同影响类型的物种。