Solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs) have been identified as one kind of the most promising energy conversion and storage devices because of their safety, high energy density, and long cycling life. The development of solid-state electrolyte is vital to commercialize SSLBs. Composite polymer electrolyte (CPE), derived by compositing inorganic particles into solid polymer electrolyte has become the most practical species for SSLBs because it inherits the advantages of polymer electrolyte and simultaneously achieves enhanced ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. The characteristics of inorganic particles and their interaction with polymers strongly impact the performance of CPE, improving its ionic conductivity, mechanical properties, thermal and electrochemical stability, as well as interface compatibility with both electrodes. In this review, the effects of particle characteristics including its species, size, proportion, morphology on the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of CPE are reviewed. Meanwhile, some novel composite strategies are also introduced including surface modification, hybridization, and alignment of particles in polymer matrices, as well as some new preparation methods of CPE. The interactions between particles and other components in CPE including polymer matrices or lithium salt are particularly focused herein to reveal the lithium conductive mechanism. Finally, a perspective on the direction of future CPE development for SSLBs is presented.

固态锂电池（SSLB）由于其安全性，高能量密度和长循环寿命而被认为是最有前途的能量转换和存储设备之一。固态电解质的开发对于SSLB的商业化至关重要。通过将无机颗粒复合到固体聚合物电解质中而衍生的复合聚合物电解质（CPE）已成为SSLB最实用的种类，因为它继承了聚合物电解质的优点，同时实现了增强的离子电导率和机械性能。无机颗粒的特性及其与聚合物的相互作用极大地影响了CPE的性能，从而改善了CPE的离子电导率，机械性能，热和电化学稳定性，以及与两个电极的界面相容性。本文综述了颗粒特征，包括其种类，大小，比例，形态对CPE离子电导率和机械性能的影响。同时，还介绍了一些新颖的复合策略，包括表面改性，杂交和聚合物基质中颗粒的排列以及一些新的CPE制备方法。本文特别关注颗粒与CPE中其他颗粒（包括聚合物基质或锂盐）之间的相互作用，以揭示锂的导电机理。最后，提出了关于SSLB的未来CPE开发方向的观点。还介绍了一些新颖的复合策略，包括表面改性，杂交和聚合物基质中颗粒的排列以及一些新的CPE制备方法。本文特别关注颗粒与CPE中其他颗粒（包括聚合物基质或锂盐）之间的相互作用，以揭示锂的导电机理。最后，提出了关于SSLB的未来CPE开发方向的观点。还介绍了一些新颖的复合策略，包括表面改性，杂交和聚合物基质中颗粒的排列以及一些新的CPE制备方法。本文特别关注颗粒与CPE中其他颗粒（包括聚合物基质或锂盐）之间的相互作用，以揭示锂的导电机理。最后，提出了关于SSLB的未来CPE开发方向的观点。