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Maternal smoking during pregnancy and intelligence quotient in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis
NeuroToxicology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.007
Mariana Lima Corrêa 1 , Pedro San Martin Soares 2 , Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva 2 , Fernando Wehrmeister 2 , Bernardo Lessa Horta 2 , Ana Maria Baptista Menezes 2
Affiliation  

Background

Exposure to tobacco during pregnancy may disrupt fetal brain development and impact offspring cognitive development.

Aims

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal smoking during pregnancy and intelligence quotient (IQ) in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Lilacs, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Original articles evaluating tobacco use/exposure during pregnancy and the offspring’s IQ as the outcome. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO (number CRD 42,019,116,257). For the meta-analysis, we included studies with information on the regression coefficient and its confidence interval (CI) or standard error. Random effects model was used for pooling the estimates.

Results

25 studies were included in the review, and of these 14 met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate showed that subjects who were exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy presented lower IQ scores, compared to those not exposed to maternal smoking (β -1.30; 95 % CI ―1.74, ―0.86; I2 = 87.8 %); IQ scores were also lower in crude (β -5.46; 95 % CI -7.31, -3.60; I²: 79.0 %) and adjusted pooled estimates (β =―0.45; 95 % CI ―0.76, ―0.13; I2 = 80.4 %), for the group exposed to maternal smoking. In the stratified analysis, an inverse association was also observed in studies with large sample size (n≥1000 participants) (β=―0.49; 95 % CI ―0.96, ―0.02), among those performed with adolescents (β=―1.16; 95 % CI ―2.18, ―0.14), and among those adjusted for maternal education (β=―0.57; 95 % CI ―1.05, ―0.08).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that exposure to tobacco during pregnancy may have negative effects on IQ. However, the findings of this meta-analysis should be interpreted with caution.



中文翻译:

孕期母亲吸烟与后代智商:系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

怀孕期间接触烟草可能会破坏胎儿的大脑发育并影响后代的认知发育。

目标

对怀孕期间母亲吸烟和儿童、青春期和成年期的智商 (IQ) 进行系统评价和荟萃分析。

方法

我们检索了 PubMed、Lilacs、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science。原始文章评估怀孕期间的烟草使用/暴露以及后代的智商作为结果。审查方案在 PROSPERO 中注册(编号 CRD 42,019,116,257)。对于荟萃分析,我们纳入了有关回归系数及其置信区间 (CI) 或标准误差信息的研究。随机效应模型用于合并估计值。

结果

该评价纳入了 25 项研究,其中 14 项符合荟萃分析的纳入标准。总体汇总估计表明,与未接触母亲吸烟的受试者相比,怀孕期间接触母亲吸烟的受试者的智商得分较低(β -1.30;95 % CI ―1.74,―0.86;I 2  = 87.8 %);IQ 分数在粗略(β -5.46;95 % CI -7.31,-3.60;I²:79.0 %)和调整后的汇总估计值(β =―0.45;95 % CI ―0.76,―0.13;I 2 = 80.4 %),对于暴露于母亲吸烟的组。在分层分析中,在大样本研究(n≥1000 名参与者)(β=―0.49;95 % CI ―0.96,―0.02)中,在青少年研究(β=―1.16; 95 % CI ―2.18, ―0.14) 和在产妇教育调整后的人群中 (β=―0.57; 95 % CI ―1.05, ―0.08)。

结论

我们的研究结果表明,怀孕期间接触烟草可能会对智商产生负面影响。然而,应谨慎解释该荟萃分析的结果。

更新日期:2021-05-22
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