The mobility of nomadic Indigenous people has been systematically constrained over time by states seeking control over peripheral spaces and people. This is evident in the case of the Kawésqar nomadic ‘people of the sea’ who have been subject to a century of attempts by the Chilean state to spatially fix their movements over both their terrestrial territories and marine ‘maritories’. In this paper, we show how Indigenous groups like the Kawésqar can challenge and even regain partial control over their maritory by using spatial instruments of the state. We argue that by using these instruments to remobilise, the Kawésqar have been empowered to demobilise other groups and marine related sectors, such as aquaculture. These findings can reorient public policy to be more sensitive to Indigenous space and mobility. Instead of focusing exclusively on the establishment of spatial boundaries to exclude Indigenous communities, they can be used as a means of empowering these communities to exert control over actors and sectors seeking to limit their mobility.

随着时间的流逝，游牧民族的流动性受到各州寻求控制外围空间和人民的国家的系统性限制。这在卡瓦什卡族游牧“海洋人”的案例中显而易见，智利人经历了一个世纪的尝试，试图在空间上固定其陆地和海洋“海上”的活动。在本文中，我们展示了像Kawésqar这样的土著群体如何通过使用国家的空间手段挑战甚至重新获得对其主权的部分控制。我们认为，通过使用这些工具进行复员， Kawésqar被授权复员其他群体和与海洋有关的部门，例如水产养殖。这些发现可以使公共政策重新定向，使其对土著空间和流动更加敏感。与其将注意力集中在建立排除土著社区排斥的空间边界上，不如将其用作授权这些社区对试图限制其流动性的行动者和部门施加控制的手段。