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Recent advances toward the sustainable management of invasive Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles
Journal of Pest Science ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s10340-021-01382-3
Antonio Gugliuzzo , Peter H. W. Biedermann , Daniel Carrillo , Louela A. Castrillo , James P. Egonyu , Diego Gallego , Khalid Haddi , Jiri Hulcr , Hervé Jactel , Hisashi Kajimura , Naoto Kamata , Nicolas Meurisse , You Li , Jason B. Oliver , Christopher M. Ranger , Davide Rassati , Lukasz L. Stelinski , Roanne Sutherland , Giovanna Tropea Garzia , Mark G. Wright , Antonio Biondi

We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management of three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive species with a history of damage in forests, nurseries, orchards and urban areas. Xylosandrus compactus, X. crassiusculus and X. germanus are native to Asia, and currently established in several countries around the globe. Adult females bore galleries into the plant xylem inoculating mutualistic ambrosia fungi that serve as food source for the developing progeny. Tunneling activity results in chewed wood extrusion from entry holes, sap outflow, foliage wilting followed by canopy dieback, and branch and trunk necrosis. Maintaining plant health by reducing physiological stress is the first recommendation for long-term control. Baited traps, ethanol-treated bolts, trap logs and trap trees of selected species can be used to monitor Xylosandrus species. Conventional pest control methods are mostly ineffective against Xylosandrus beetles because of the pests’ broad host range and rapid spread. Due to challenges with conventional control, more innovative control approaches are being tested, such as the optimization of the push–pull strategy based on specific attractant and repellent combinations, or the use of insecticide-treated netting. Biological control based on the release of entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, as well as the use of antagonistic bacteria, has yielded promising results. However, these technologies still require validation in real field conditions. Overall, we suggest that management efforts should primarily focus on reducing plant stress and potentially be combined with a multi-faceted approach for controlling Xylosandrus damage.



中文翻译:

侵袭性木糖虫沙星甲虫可持续管理的最新进展

我们概述了传统和创新控制工具的管理,这些工具用于管理三种在森林,苗圃,果园和城市地区具有破坏历史的木糖虫(鞘翅目:Curculionidae:Scolytinae)。Xylosandrus compactusX. crassiusculusX. germanus原产于亚洲,目前已在全球多个国家/地区建立。成年雌性在植物木质部开辟了一个走廊,接种了互助的菌类真菌,这些真菌是发育后代的食物来源。挖掘活动导致咀嚼的木材从入口孔中挤出,汁液流出,树叶萎wil,然后冠层枯萎以及分支和树干坏死。通过减少生理压力来保持植物健康是长期控制的第一条建议。诱饵诱集装置,乙醇处理过的螺栓,诱集原木和选定物种的诱集树可用于监测木糖虫种。常规害虫防治方法大多对木糖虫无效甲虫是由于害虫的广泛寄主范围和快速传播。由于常规控制的挑战,正在测试更多创新的控制方法,例如基于特定的引诱剂和驱避剂组合优化推挽策略,或使用经过杀虫剂处理的网。基于致病性和真菌寄生性真菌释放的生物控制,以及使用拮抗细菌,已取得了令人鼓舞的结果。但是,这些技术仍然需要在实际条件下进行验证。总的来说,我们建议管理工作应主要集中在减轻植物压力上,并有可能与控制木糖虫危害的多方面方法相结合。

更新日期:2021-05-15
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