Aims This study aimed to investigate the impact of an ultramarathon (UM) with a distance of 100 miles on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). Methods 28 runners (25 men and 3 women) underwent 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring 1 week before the UM, immediately after the UM and after a week of recovery. The influence of age, body mass index (BMI), HR and HRV on the run time and recovery was investigated. Results A rise in the baseline HR (18.98%) immediately after the run accompanied by a significant drop in the SD of all normal RR intervals (7.12%) 1 week after. Except for the runners’ age, BMI, HR and HRV showed no influence on the competition time. Full return of HRV to the athletes’ baseline did not occur within 1 week. There were no significant differences between finishers and non-finishers in the analysed parameters. Conclusion The present results show that a 100-mile run leads to an increase in sympathetic activity and thus to an increase in HR and a decrease in HRV. Also, HRV might be a suitable parameter to evaluate the state of recovery after a 100-mile run but does not help to quantify the status of recovery, as the damage to the tendomuscular system primarily characterises this after completing a UM. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. All results of the study can be viewed at the Institute for Applied Training Sciences Leipzig via coauthor Dr Jan Wuestenfeld. The values are stored on the server under the respective name of the runner and can be accessed via the software 'Custo Diagnostik V.4.6' (custo med, Ottobrun, Germany).

中文翻译：

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100英里超马拉松比赛对心率和心率变异性的影响

目的这项研究旨在调查距离100英里的超马拉松（UM）对心率（HR）和心率变异性（HRV）的影响。方法28名跑步者（25名男性和3名女性）在UM前1周，UM之后和恢复一周后进行24小时动态心电图监测。研究了年龄，体重指数（BMI），HR和HRV对运行时间和恢复的影响。结果跑步后立即提高基线心率（18.98％），同时在1周后所有正常RR间隔的SD均显着下降（7.12％）。除了跑步者的年龄外，BMI，HR和HRV对比赛时间没有影响。在1周内未发生HRV完全回到运动员基线的情况。整理器和非整理器之间在分析参数上没有显着差异。结论目前的结果表明，跑100英里会导致交感神经活动增加，从而导致HR升高和HRV降低。同样，HRV可能是评估100英里跑步后恢复状态的合适参数，但由于对肌腱系统的损害主要是在完成UM后的表征，因此无助于量化恢复状态。数据可能是从第三方获得的，并且不是公开可用的。这项研究的所有结果都可以通过合著者Jan Wuestenfeld博士在莱比锡应用训练科学研究所进行查看。数值以跑步者各自的名字存储在服​​务器上，并可通过软件“ Custo Diagnostik V.4.6”（德国奥托布伦的custo med）进行访问。