Hurricane Harvey delivered over 124 trillion liters of freshwater to the Texas–Louisiana coast and the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) in late August-early September 2017. Environmental conditions, size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass, and pico- and nanoplankton abundances (picocyanobacteria, picoeukaryotes, autotrophic, and heterotrophic nanoplankton) were characterized along nearshore-offshore transects prior to Hurricane Harvey (late July 2017) and in the 3 weeks to 6 months following the storm (September 2017 to March 2018). To understand the extent to which observed changes in the aquatic environment and plankton communities could be attributed to Hurricane Harvey (vs. seasonal or interannual variability), salinity, temperature, and phytoplankton biomass from historical data (2006–2018) were also analyzed. Nearshore stations from September and October 2017 showed significantly lower salinities and overall phytoplankton biomass compared to historical data. Inorganic nitrogen concentrations were minimal in October. Pico- and nanoplankton abundances were lower in September and October than prior to the storm, with the exception of picocyanobacteria. In contrast, post-storm biomass at mid-shelf stations was within the historical average, while pico- and nanoplankton abundances were higher. Offshore stations showed little change in biomass or abundances following the storm. Pre-storm assemblages of pico- and nanoplankton in July 2017 were distinct from those in post-storm months, and variance in these assemblages and specific group abundances was tied to inorganic nutrients, salinity, and temperature. These results point to significant changes in important members of the plankton that occurred in GOM continental shelf waters following a major hurricane, with important implications for oceanic food webs and biogeochemical cycles.

中文翻译：

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飓风哈维过后，沿墨西哥湾西北部大陆架的近海横断面上的微型和纳米浮游生物群落

2017 年 8 月下旬至 9 月上旬，飓风哈维向德克萨斯州-路易斯安那州海岸和墨西哥湾西北部 (GOM) 输送了超过 124 万亿升淡水。在飓风哈维之前（2017 年 7 月下旬）和风暴之后的 3 周至 6 个月（2017 年 9 月至 2018 年 3 月），沿近海-近海横断面表征了微核生物、自养和异养纳米浮游生物。为了了解观察到的水生环境和浮游生物群落变化的程度可归因于飓风哈维（与季节性或年际变化相比），还分析了历史数据（2006-2018 年）中的盐度、温度和浮游植物生物量。与历史数据相比，2017 年 9 月和 10 月的近岸站的盐度和整体浮游植物生物量显着降低。10 月份无机氮浓度最低。9 月和 10 月的微型和纳米浮游生物丰度低于风暴前，但微型蓝藻除外。相比之下，中架站的风暴后生物量处于历史平均水平，而微型和纳米浮游生物丰度更高。风暴过后，近海站的生物量或丰度几乎没有变化。2017 年 7 月风暴前微型浮游生物和纳米浮游生物的组合与风暴后月份的不同，这些组合和特定群体丰度的差异与无机养分、盐度和温度有关。