We conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial of parents in 56 primary schools and community service centres (clusters) to evaluate the effectiveness of a single-session workshop on promoting more fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. A total of 803 parents were randomised to the FV intervention arm (16 clusters, n = 197), the more appreciation control arm (19 clusters, n = 270), or the less criticism control arm (21 clusters, n = 336). The FV intake of the FV arm was compared with that of the combined more appreciation or less criticism (MALC) arm. Both arms received a 2 h workshop: (i) the FV arm on increasing FV consumption and related food literacy; (ii) the MALC arm on increasing appreciation or reducing criticism of children. Primary outcomes were FV consumption per day in the past week assessed at baseline, 2-weeks, and 6-weeks. Secondary outcomes were behavioural determinants proposed by the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), including outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, intention, and planning behaviour. The FV arm had a greater increase in FV consumption than the MALC arm, with large effect sizes (d: 0.97–1.08) and improvements in behavioural determinants with small effect sizes at all time points (d: 0.19–0.43). Our study was the first population-based randomised controlled trial to show that a brief, single 2 h HAPA-based workshop was effective in promoting fruit and vegetable intake in parents.

中文翻译：

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促进父母摄入水果和蔬菜：一项集群随机对照试验

我们在56所小学和社区服务中心（集群）中对父母进行了一项随机分组的随机对照试验，以评估单节研讨会促进更多水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入量的有效性。总共803对父母的被随机分配到的FV干预臂（16个簇，Ñ = 197）时，更多升值控制臂（19簇，Ñ = 270），或更少的批评控制臂（21簇，Ñ= 336）。将FV部门的FV摄入量与更多欣赏或更少批评（MALC）部门的摄入量进行比较。双方都参加了为时2小时的研讨会：（ii）MALC致力于提高对儿童的欣赏或减少对儿童的批评。主要结局是在基准周，2周和6周评估的过去一周每天的FV消耗量。次要结局是“健康行动过程方法”（HAPA）提出的行为决定因素，包括结局预期，自我效能感，意图和计划行为。FV组的FV消耗量比MALC组的增加幅度更大，影响大小较大（d：0.97–1.08），而行为决定因素的改善在所有时间点都具有较小的影响大小（d：0.19–0.43）。我们的研究是第一个基于人群的随机对照试验，该试验表明简短的，基于HAPA的2小时单次研讨会可有效促进父母摄入水果和蔬菜。