Attention is composed of three distinct attentional networks: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Previous studies have confirmed that Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with executive control deficits; however, the interactions among the three attentional networks and the influence of sleep disturbance in PD patients have not been investigated. Herein, the efficiencies for the three attentional networks and their interactions were evaluated using the revised attention network test. The results showed a significantly slower response and lower accuracy in the PD group than in the normal control group and a significantly slower response and lower accuracy in PD patients with sleep disturbance (PDS) than in PD patients without sleep disturbance (PDnS), which indicates a response deficit in PD and worsening in PDS. Additionally, the executive control efficiency was reduced in both PDS and PDnS, and significantly higher alerting efficiency and lower orienting efficiency were found in PDS. Furthermore, largely changed interactions and correlation patterns of attentional networks were found in PDS but not in PDnS. These results suggested that attentional networks were impaired in PD patients, particularly in those affected by sleep disturbances, and that PDS might establish special connections between attentional networks to compensate for cognitive dysfunction.

注意力由三个不同的注意力网络组成：警报、定向和执行控制。先前的研究已经证实，帕金森病 (PD) 与执行控制缺陷有关；然而，尚未研究三种注意力网络之间的相互作用以及睡眠障碍对 PD 患者的影响。在本文中，使用修订后的注意力网络测试评估了三个注意力网络及其相互作用的效率。结果显示，与正常对照组相比，PD 组的反应明显更慢，准确度更低，有睡眠障碍（PDS）的 PD 患者的反应和准确度明显低于无睡眠障碍（PDnS）的 PD 患者，这表明PD 反应缺陷和 PDS 恶化。此外，PDS和PDnS的执行控制效率均降低，PDS的警觉效率显着提高，定向效率显着降低。此外，在 PDS 中发现注意力网络的交互和相关模式发生了很大变化，但在 PDnS 中没有。这些结果表明 PD 患者的注意力网络受损，尤其是受睡眠障碍影响的患者，并且 PDS 可能会在注意力网络之间建立特殊的联系以补偿认知功能障碍。