ZnO-based varistor ceramics doped with different amount of Y₂O₃ have been made by two-step solid-state reaction route including the pre-calcination and subsequent sintering procedures, using nanosized ZnO powder and corresponding additives as the raw material. The phase composition, microstructure and electrical properties were studied by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and direct current electrical measurement. It was found that the electrical properties of the varistor ceramics sintered at 950 °C from the powder pre-calcined at 800 °C were enhanced by doped appropriate amount of Y₂O_3. Particularly, ZnO varistors doped with 1.2 mol% Y₂O₃ possessed the best comprehensive electrical properties with the breakdown field of 2113 V/mm, the nonlinear coefficient of 184.6 and the leakage current of 0.4 μA. Y₂O₃ phase, Y-rich phase and the other secondary phase particles were confirmed to distribute along the grain boundaries of predominant ZnO grains from XRD and SEM analyses. The results illustrated that doping Y₂O₃ should be a promising route to obtain varistor ceramics with excellent electrical properties.

以纳米ZnO粉体和相应的添加剂为原料，通过包括预煅烧和随后的烧结程序在内的两步固态反应路线，制备了掺有不同量Y ₂ O _3的ZnO基压敏陶瓷。通过X射线衍射（XRD），扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和直流电测量研究了相组成，微观结构和电性能。已经发现，通过掺杂适量的Y ₂ O ₃可以增强从在800°C下预煅烧的粉末在950°C烧结得到的压敏陶瓷的电性能_。特别是，掺杂1.2 mol％Y ₂ O的ZnO压敏电阻。₃具有最佳的综合电性能，击穿场为2113 V / mm，非线性系数为184.6，漏电流为0.4μA。通过XRD和SEM分析，证实Y ₂ O ₃相，富Y相和其他第二相颗粒沿主要ZnO晶粒的晶界分布。结果表明，掺杂Y ₂ O ₃应该是获得具有优良电性能的压敏陶瓷的有前途的途径。