Gastric cancer is a major human health threat and finding novel and effective anticancer compounds against it is crucially important. Silver nanoparticles (NPs) have promising anticancer potential with minimal side effects. Functionalization of Ag NPs with magnetic compounds could provide novel features, including targeted drug delivery and photothermal therapy. In this work, green synthesis and characterization of MgFe₂O₄@Ag nanocomposite were performed. The anticancer potential of the nanocomposite against adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells was investigated using MTT, flow cytometry, Hoechst staining, and caspase-3 activation assays. Also, the relative expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes in nanocomposite treated cells was investigated. Proper synthesis and crystallinity of the MgFe₂O₄@Ag NPs were confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy indicated the spherical shape of the NPs with the size range of 23–53 nm. Lack of elemental impurities and good stability of the NPs was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping and measuring zeta potential (− 35.5 mv), respectively. The MgFe₂O₄@Ag NPs showed a significantly higher antiproliferative potential against AGS cells (IC₅₀ = 43 µg/mL), than human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) cells (IC₅₀ = 158 µg/mL). Moreover, flow cytometry and Hoechst staining confirmed apoptosis induction in treated AGS cells. Also, the activity of the caspase-3 protein and expression of the Bax gene among MgFe₂O₄@Ag treated cells was significantly increased to 1.8 and 1.21 folds, respectively, while the Bcl-2 gene was down-regulated to 0.68 folds. This study revealed the promising anticancer potential of MgFe₂O₄@Ag NPs to be used for gastric cancer treatment after further characterization using in-vitro and in-vivo assays.

胃癌是对人类健康的主要威胁，因此找到针对其的新颖有效的抗癌化合物至关重要。银纳米颗粒（NPs）具有极好的抗癌潜力，且副作用极小。用磁性化合物对Ag NP进行功能化可以提供新颖的功能，包括靶向药物递送和光热疗法。在这项工作中，进行了绿色合成和MgFe ₂ O ₄ @Ag纳米复合材料的表征。使用MTT，流式细胞仪，Hoechst染色和caspase-3激活试验研究了纳米复合材料对胃腺癌（AGS）细胞的抗癌潜力。另外，Bax和Bcl-2的相对表达研究了纳米复合物处理的细胞中的基因。MgFe ₂ O ₄ @Ag NPs的正确合成和结晶度通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析得到证实。扫描和透射电子显微镜显示NP的球形，尺寸范围为23-53 nm。分别通过能量色散X射线（EDX）映射和测量zeta电位（-35.5 mv）证实了元素杂质的缺乏和NP的良好稳定性。 与人类胚胎肾细胞（HEK293）细胞（IC ₅₀）相比，MgFe ₂ O ₄ @Ag NPs对AGS细胞（IC ₅₀ = 43 µg / mL）显示出显着更高的抗增殖潜力。 = 158 µg / mL）。此外，流式细胞术和Hoechst染色证实了在处理过的AGS细胞中的凋亡诱导。同样，在MgFe ₂ O ₄ @Ag处理的细胞中，caspase-3蛋白的活性和Bax基因的表达分别显着增加至1.8和1.21倍，而Bcl-2基因下调至0.68倍。这项研究揭示了MgFe ₂ O ₄ @Ag NPs的有希望的抗癌潜力，在使用体外和体内试验进一步表征后，可用于治疗胃癌。