Software reference architectures have played an essential role in software systems development due to the possibility of knowledge reuse. Although increasingly adopted by industry, these architectures are not yet completely understood. This work presents a panorama on existing software reference architectures, characterizing them according to their context, goals, perspectives, application domains, design approaches, and maturity, as well as the industry involvement for their construction. For this, we planned and conducted a systematic mapping study. During last decade, the number of reference architectures in very diverse application domains has increased, resulting from efforts of industry, academia, and through their collaborations. Academic reference architectures are oriented to facilitate the reuse of architectural and domain knowledge. The industry has focused on architectures for standardization with certain maturity level. However, the great amount of architectures studied in this work have been designed without following a systematic process, and they lack the maturity to be used in real software projects. Further investigations can be oriented to gathering empirical evidences, from different sources than academic data libraries, that allow to understand how references architectures have been constructed, utilized, and maintained during the whole software life-cycle.

由于知识重用的可能性，软件参考架构在软件系统开发中发挥了重要作用。尽管越来越多地被行业采用，但这些架构尚未完全被理解。这项工作展示了现有软件参考架构的全景，根据它们的上下文、目标、观点、应用程序域、设计方法和成熟度以及对其构建的行业参与来表征它们。为此，我们计划并进行了系统的制图研究。在过去十年中，由于产业界、学术界的努力以及他们的合作，在非常多样化的应用领域中的参考架构数量有所增加。学术参考架构旨在促进架构和领域知识的重用。业界一直专注于具有一定成熟度的标准化架构。但是，在这项工作中研究的大量体系结构是在没有遵循系统过程的情况下进行设计的，并且它们缺乏在实际软件项目中使用的成熟度。进一步的调查可以从与学术数据库不同的来源收集经验证据，以便了解在整个软件生命周期中参考架构是如何构建、利用和维护的。