ABSTRACT

Abbot Arnold of Lübeck's Chronica Slavorum (written before 1210) contains the most detailed near-contemporary account of Duke Henry the Lion's Jerusalem pilgrimage of 1172. It also includes narratives of several crusades of the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, including Frederick Barbarossa's Holy Land campaign (1189–90) and the so-called German Crusade (1197–8). At points in his Chronica, moreover, Arnold explores the penitential opportunities posed by pilgrimage and crusade through discussion of responses to wilderness landscapes. By cueing critical reflection across different expeditions, Arnold prompts his audience to situate Henry the Lion's pilgrimage in the sacred historical continuum to which many contemporaries believed the crusades belonged. This article contends that landscapes offered Arnold a multifaceted narrative tool which he also used to evoke Old Testament models and convey what he believed had led past armed pilgrimages to fail in achieving their stated goals.

摘要

吕贝克的Chronica Slavorum（写于 1210 年之前）的方丈阿诺德 (Abbot Arnold ) 包含对 1172 年雄狮亨利公爵 (Duke Henry the Lion) 的耶路撒冷朝圣的近现代最详细的描述。它还包括对 12 世纪和 13 世纪初的几次十字军东征的叙述，包括腓特烈·巴巴罗萨 (Frederick Land Barbaross) 的圣战（1189-90）和所谓的德国十字军东征（1197-8）。在他的Chronica 中此外，阿诺德通过讨论对荒野景观的反应，探索了朝圣和远征带来的忏悔机会。通过对不同探险的批判性反思，阿诺德提示他的观众将狮子亨利的朝圣置于许多同时代人认为十字军东征所属的神圣历史连续体中。本文认为，风景为阿诺德提供了一个多方面的叙事工具，他还用它来唤起旧约模型，并传达他认为导致过去武装朝圣未能实现其既定目标的内容。