Two-dimensional van der Waals magnetic materials are intriguing for applications in the future spintronics devices, so it is crucial to explore strategy to control the magnetic properties. Here, we carried out first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the effect of biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure on the magnetic properties of the bilayer CrI₃. We found that the magnetic anisotropy, intralayer and interlayer exchange interactions, and Curie temperature can be tuned by biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure. Large compressive biaxial strain may induce a ferromagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic transition of both CrI₃ layers. The hydrostatic pressure could enhance the intralayer exchange interaction significantly and hence largely boost the Curie temperature. The effect of the biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure revealed in the bilayer CrI₃ may be generalized to other two-dimensional magnetic materials.

二维范德华磁性材料在未来的自旋电子器件中吸引了人们的兴趣，因此，探索控制磁性能的策略至关重要。在这里，我们进行了第一性原理计算和蒙特卡洛模拟，以研究双轴应变和静水压力对双层CrI ₃磁性的影响。我们发现可以通过双轴应变和静水压力来调节磁各向异性，层内和层间交换相互作用以及居里温度。大的双轴压缩应变可能会引起CrI ₃的铁磁-反铁磁转变层。静水压力可以显着增强层内交换相互作用，因此大大提高了居里温度。双层CrI _3中揭示的双轴应变和静水压力的影响可以推广到其他二维磁性材料。