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Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation in a mesoproterozoic storm-dominated ramp: Depositional processes and stromatolite development
Precambrian Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2021.106240
João Pedro Formolo Ferronatto , Claiton Marlon dos Santos Scherer , Gabriel Barbosa Drago , Amanda Goulart Rodrigues , Ezequiel Galvão de Souza , Adriano Domingos dos Reis , Manoela Bettarel Bállico , Carrel Kifumbi , Caroline Lessio Cazarin

Records of shallow-marine ramps with the mixing of carbonate and siliciclastic sediments are common throughout the geological time. All these records have pure carbonate and pure siliciclastic deposits as end members, occurring contemporaneously in distinct depositional regions along the ramp, and transitional hybrid facies between them. The two end member can mix in different scales and can alternate in time due to climatic changes and regressions and transgressions. This work presents a detailed reconstruction of a Mesoproterozoic storm-dominated mixed carbonate-siliciclastic ramp composed of hybrid sediments and whithout the presence of pure siliciclastic or carbonate deposits, a rare example in the geological record. Based on a high resolution logged section (in 1:20 scale) and qualitative thin sections, eleven lithofacies were identified and grouped into three lithofacies associations (offshore, offshore transition and shoreface), which are stacked vertically forming a transgressive–regressive cycle. This faciological distribution indicates a low relief ramp with wide microbial colonization from shallow to relatively deep waters (below storm-wave base level). In offshore low-energy distal areas, microbial mats spread laterally over large distances with little or no interference from currents, while in the offshore transition the morphology of the bioherms is shaped by currents induced by waves. In turn, the high wave energy in the shoreface inhibits the formation of stromatolites, restricting their occurrence to thin layers of microbial carpets or intraclastic lags. The mixing occurs in compositional scale and is relatively homogeneous along the whole logged interval, independent of the shifts in lithofacies or lithofacies associations. This compositional homogeneity is linked to the wide distribution and regularity in the input of siliciclastic sediments during the sedimentary accumulation. Strong currents induced by storms allow the transport and mixing of siliciclastic sediments with carbonate grains generated in the basin during fair-weather periods.



中文翻译:

中元古代暴雨为主的斜坡中混合的碳酸盐-硅质碎屑沉积:沉积过程和叠层岩发育

在整个地质时期中,碳酸盐和硅质碎屑沉积物混合的浅海斜坡的记录是很普遍的。所有这些记录都以纯碳酸盐和纯硅质碎屑沉积物为末端,同时发生在沿斜坡的不同沉积区域中,并在它们之间形成过渡混合相。两端成员可以以不同的比例混合,并且由于气候变化,回归和越境而在时间上交替。这项工作提出了由杂种沉积物组成且没有纯硅质碎屑或碳酸盐沉积物的中元古代风暴为主的碳酸盐-硅质碎屑混合斜坡的详细重建,这在地质记录中是一个罕见的例子。根据高分辨率的测井剖面(比例为1:20)和定性的薄剖面,确定了11个岩相,并将其分为三个岩相协会(近海,近海过渡带和滨海地带),它们垂直堆叠在一起形成了海侵—逆回旋的循环。这种生态学分布表明,从浅水到相对较深的水域(在风暴波基水平以下),微生物的定殖范围很广,浮雕坡度较低。在离岸低能远侧区域,微生物垫横向分布很长一段距离,几乎不受或没有水流的干扰,而在离岸过渡中,生物波的形态由波浪感应的电流形成。反过来,在岸面的高波能会抑制叠层石的形成,从而将它们的发生限制在薄层的微生物地毯或碎屑内滞后。混合发生在成分尺度上,并且在整个测井间隔内相对均匀,与岩相或岩相联系的变化无关。这种成分的均一性与沉积沉积过程中硅质碎屑沉积物输入的广泛分布和规律性有关。暴风雨引起的强流使硅质碎屑沉积物与在晴天时在盆地中生成的碳酸盐颗粒混合并运输。

更新日期:2021-05-13
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