This article reconstructs debates within the Kennedy and Johnson administrations regarding the management of U.S. public transportation. Should transit be treated as a component of the mobility system, or as a tool of land-use planning? In the midst of jurisdictional battles triggered by the formation of two new departments, officials fiercely disagreed about this question and adapted their practices to gain the upper hand. I document how interest in organizing metropolitan growth and concerns about destructive road projects helped justify national housing agencies managing transit programs beginning in 1961. But Congress shifted them to the Department of Transportation in 1968. This was due, I argue, to lingering racist, anti-urban sentiments about housing-agency programs benefiting low-income people and transportation officials previously focused on highways devoting newfound attention to multimodal projects. Despite a fleeting moment of attention to regional land-use and transportation policy, this change ultimately bifurcated and diminished federal planning oversight.

本文重构了肯尼迪和约翰逊政府内部有关美国公共交通管理的辩论。是否应该将过境视为出行系统的组成部分，或作为土地利用规划的工具？在组建两个新部门引发的管辖权斗争中，官员们强烈反对这个问题，并调整了自己的做法以取得上风。我记录了对组织都市增长的兴趣以及对破坏性道路项目的担忧如何证明从1961年开始管理住房计划的国家住房机构的合理性。但是国会在1968年将它们转移到了交通部。我认为这是由于种族主义的挥之不去，有关住房机构计划的反城市情绪使低收入人群受益，交通运输官员此前集中在高速公路上，将新发现的注意力集中在多式联运项目上。尽管人们对地区土地使用和运输政策的关注转瞬即逝，但这种变化最终使联邦计划监督分叉并减弱了。