Ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) require excellent osteoconductive ability to imitate the bone environment. We developed a mineralised tissue-derived ECM-modified true bone ceramic (TBC) scaffold for the delivery of aspartic acid-modified bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) peptide (P28) and assessed its osteogenic capacity. Decellularized ECM from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was coated onto the surface of TBC, followed by mineralisation modification (mSIS/TBC). P28 was subsequently immobilised onto the scaffolds in the absence of a crosslinker. The alkaline phosphatase activity and other osteogenic differentiation marker results showed that osteogenesis of the P28/mSIS/TBC scaffolds was significantly greater than that of the TBC and mSIS/TBC groups. In addition, to examine the osteoconductive capability of this system in vivo, we established a rat calvarial bone defect model and evaluated the new bone area and new blood vessel density. Histological observation showed that P28/mSIS/TBC exhibited favourable bone regeneration efficacy. This study proposes the use of mSIS/TBC loaded with P28 as a promising osteogenic scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications.

由细胞外基质（ECM）组成的理想的骨组织工程支架需要出色的骨传导能力来模仿骨骼环境。我们开发了一种矿化的组织来源的ECM修饰的真骨陶瓷（TBC）支架，用于递送天冬氨酸修饰的骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP-2）肽（P28），并评估了其成骨能力。将来自猪小肠粘膜下层（SIS）的脱细胞ECM涂在TBC的表面，然后进行矿化修饰（mSIS / TBC）。随后在不存在交联剂的情况下将P28固定在支架上。碱性磷酸酶活性和其他成骨分化标志物的结果表明，P28 / mSIS / TBC支架的成骨作用明显大于TBC和mSIS / TBC组。此外，在体内，我们建立了大鼠颅盖骨缺损模型，并评估了新的骨面积和新的血管密度。组织学观察表明，P28 / mSIS / TBC表现出良好的骨再生功效。这项研究建议使用载有P28的mSIS / TBC作为有希望的成骨支架，用于骨组织工程应用。