In practice, soil slopes are commonly unsaturated and may suffer from the adverse effects of earthquakes. Stability assessment of slopes subjected to earthquakes tends to consider whether the soils are dry or saturated while neglecting the time and spatial effects of seismic waves; in such assessments, the actual features cannot be reflected sufficiently. In the present study, a framework considering unsaturated soils was developed to investigate the seismic stability of slopes accounting for tension cracks using the pseudo-dynamic approach. Several expressions for apparent cohesion were applied to analyze the influence of matric suction, and seepage under different phreatic levels was also included. The pseudo-dynamic approach was applied to characterize the time and spatial effects of earthquakes. Two types of cracks, open cracks (cracks existing prior to slope failure) and formation cracks (cracks forming as part of a slope failure mechanism), were considered. A closed-form solution for the critical height of the slopes was derived from the energy balance equation of the Limit Analysis upper bound method, and the safety factor was obtained. The validity of this approach was verified by comparison with published solutions. Through the parametric analysis, it was found that higher amplification factors and seismic coefficients led to a smaller discrepancy in the safety factor between the slopes with open cracks and formation cracks, yet a reverse trend was observed at a higher value of matric suction. The effect of matric suction on slope stability was more apparent with a lower water level. Different shear strength models of unsaturated soils led to different safety factors.

在实践中，土壤坡度通常是不饱和的，并且可能遭受地震的不利影响。地震边坡的稳定性评估趋向于考虑土壤是干燥的还是饱和的，而忽略了地震波的时间和空间影响。在这样的评估中，实际特征无法得到充分反映。在本研究中，建立了一个考虑非饱和土的框架，以利用拟动力方法研究考虑了拉力裂缝的边坡的地震稳定性。应用了几种表观凝聚力表达式来分析基质吸力的影响，并且还包括了不同潜水水平下的渗流。拟动力方法被用来表征地震的时间和空间影响。两种类型的裂缝 考虑了开放裂缝（在边坡破坏之前存在裂缝）和地层裂缝（在边坡破坏机制中形成裂缝）。根据极限分析上限方法的能量平衡方程，得出了边坡临界高度的封闭形式解，并获得了安全系数。通过与已发布的解决方案进行比较，验证了该方法的有效性。通过参数分析发现，较高的放大系数和地震系数导致具有开裂裂缝和地层裂缝的边坡之间的安全系数差异较小，但在较高的基质吸力值下观察到相反的趋势。在水位较低的情况下，矩阵吸力对边坡稳定性的影响更加明显。