Nowadays, in some countries and regions the inhalable suspended particles in the air have caused irreversible harm to human health. The filtration performance of the material is the key to the application, meanwhile, the bacteria and viruses accumulated on the surface of the filter material have caused potential threats. And a large amount of discarded non-degradable filter materials caused secondary pollution of the environment. Therefore, filter material with high interception efficiency, antimicrobial and environmental friendliness properties is urgent needed. In this study, electrospinning was used to prepare an antibacterial fibrous membrane composed of an organic–inorganic composite whose continuous phase was polylactic acid (PLA), with quartz monzonite porphyry (QMP) particles decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as the inorganic filler phase. Its filtration and antibacterial properties were investigated, and the results showed that the main factors affecting the filtration efficiency were the ratio of the filler particles to the continuous phase and the particle size of the filler. The addition of QMP endowed the membrane with antibacterial properties, which were further improved after decorating Ag NPs with QMP. The barrier rate of the membrane for PM 2.5 reached 95.6%, and the inactivation ratios of the fibrous membrane for Escherichia coli were 48% and 98% before and after decoration by Ag NPs, respectively.

如今，在一些国家和地区，空气中可吸入的悬浮颗粒物已对人类健康造成不可逆转的危害。材料的过滤性能是应用的关键，同时，积聚在过滤材料表面上的细菌和病毒也造成了潜在的威胁。并且大量废弃的不可降解的过滤材料造成了环境的二次污染。因此，迫切需要具有高拦截效率，抗菌和环境友好特性的过滤材料。在这项研究中，静电纺丝用于制备由有机-无机复合物组成的抗菌纤维膜，其连续相为聚乳酸（PLA），带有石英银斑岩斑岩（QMP）颗粒，并用银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）装饰为无机填料相。研究了其过滤和抗菌性能，结果表明，影响过滤效率的主要因素是填料颗粒与连续相的比例和填料的粒径。QMP的添加使膜具有抗菌性能，在用QMP装饰Ag NP后进一步改善了抗菌性能。膜对PM 2.5的阻隔率达到95.6％，而纤维膜对PM 2.5的失活率 结果表明，影响过滤效率的主要因素是填料颗粒与连续相的比例和填料的粒径。QMP的添加使膜具有抗菌性能，在用QMP装饰Ag NP后进一步改善了抗菌性能。膜对PM 2.5的阻隔率达到95.6％，而纤维膜对PM 2.5的失活率 结果表明，影响过滤效率的主要因素是填料颗粒与连续相的比例和填料的粒径。QMP的添加使膜具有抗菌性能，在用QMP装饰Ag NP后进一步改善了抗菌性能。膜对PM 2.5的阻隔率达到95.6％，而纤维膜对PM 2.5的失活率用Ag NPs修饰前后，大肠杆菌分别为48％和98％。