Abstract

A remote sensing method combining remote sensing and ground surveying is proposed to extract tidal flat topographic information via the spatial distribution characteristics of tidal flat surface features. Based on the eastern Chongming beach of the Yangtze Estuary and Landsat-5 satellite images, this study identifies the spatial distribution characteristics of tidal flat features using field-based RTK data and spectral data. The remote sensing method for extracting the geometric and physical characteristics of linear and surface geographical elements on tidal flats and the elevation assignment method are discussed. The effectiveness of this method is verified by the quality of the resultant tidal flat DEM. The results show that the use of spatial distribution features in remote sensing images can provide rich topographic information. The DEM results have an accuracy of 0.16 m, are in line with the basic topographic patterns of tidal flats, and can describe local microscale geomorphic features. This technique solves the problem of a single topographic information source in current remote sensing measurement methods and provides technical support for detecting dynamic changes in coastal zones by using remote sensing technology.

摘要

提出了一种遥感与地面测量相结合的遥感方法，通过潮滩地物的空间分布特征提取潮滩地形信息。本研究以长江口崇明东部滩涂和Landsat-5卫星影像为基础，利用野外RTK数据和光谱数据识别潮滩特征的空间分布特征。讨论了提取潮滩线状和地表地理要素几何和物理特征的遥感方法和高程分配方法。所得潮滩 DEM 的质量验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明，利用遥感影像中的空间分布特征可以提供丰富的地形信息。DEM结果精度为0.16 m，符合潮滩的基本地形格局，能够描述局部微尺度地貌特征。该技术解决了目前遥感测量方法中地形信息源单一的问题，为利用遥感技术检测海岸带动态变化提供了技术支持。