Results from cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOT) with 5 different sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i; empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, ertugliflozin, sotagliflozin), initially developed for their glucose-lowering effect by blocking tubular glucose reabsorption in kidney, have been shown to decrease the risk of heart failure hospitalization (HFH) across a range of patients with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Following these CVOT results, SGLT2i (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, sotagliflozin) also were reported to reduce HFH and cardiovascular death in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), regardless of existence or absence of T2DM. Ongoing studies have been conducted to evaluate the clinical benefit of SGLT2i (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Although SGLT2i brought us to the entrance of a new era for prevention of HF incidence and worsening of HF, the search for pivotal mechanism of SGLT2i to improve our pharmacological armamentarium should continue in order to protect every HF patient from fatal progression of HF disease. In this review, we summarized the updated clinical evidences on SGLT2i (rather than basic and translational evidence) for reduction of HF risk in T2DM patients and favorable clinical outcomes in both HFrEF and HFpEF patients.

中文翻译：

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葡萄糖钠转运蛋白2抑制剂：心力衰竭治疗的新途径。

心血管结果试验（CVOT）与5种不同的钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2i; empagliflozin，canagliflozin，dapagliflozin，ertugliflozin，sotagliflozin）的结果最初是通过阻断肾脏中肾小管葡萄糖的重吸收而产生降糖作用而开发的研究表明，在2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中，无论有无动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的患者，均可以降低心衰住院（HFH）的风险。根据这些CVOT结果，据报道，无论是否存在T2DM，SGLT2i（达帕格列净，依帕列净，索格列净）均可降低射血分数（HFrEF）降低的心力衰竭患者的HFH和心血管死亡。正在进行的研究已经评估了SGLT2i（依格列净，保留射血分数（HFpEF）的心力衰竭患者。尽管SGLT2i使我们进入了预防HF发病率和HF恶化的新纪元，但为保护每位HF患者免于致命的HF病发展，应继续寻找SGLT2i改善我们的药理学武器库的关键机制。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关SGLT2i的最新临床证据（而非基础和翻译证据），这些证据可降低T2DM患者的HF风险以及HFrEF和HFpEF患者的良好临床预后。应当继续寻求SGLT2i改善我们药理学武器库的关键机制，以保护每位HF患者免于致命的HF疾病进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关SGLT2i的最新临床证据（而非基础和翻译证据），这些证据可降低T2DM患者的HF风险以及HFrEF和HFpEF患者的良好临床预后。应当继续寻求SGLT2i改善我们药理学武器库的关键机制，以保护每位HF患者免于致命的HF疾病进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关SGLT2i的最新临床证据（而非基础和翻译证据），这些证据可降低T2DM患者的HF风险以及HFrEF和HFpEF患者的良好临床预后。