ABSTRACT

Context can affect language processing and learning. We here compare the influence of two different contexts (pseudo-objects, data from [Obrig, H., Mock, J., Stephan, F., Richter, M., Vignotto, M., & Rossi, S. (2017). Impact of associative word learning on phonotactic processing in 6-month-old infants: A combined EEG and fNIRS study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 25, 185–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.09.001] , vs. real objects) on the processing of phonotactically legal vs. illegal pseudowords (PW) in a 3-day learning paradigm in 6-month-olds. Using ERPs and functional Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS) we find that short-term (pre-→post-test) and long-term (day1→ day2→day3) attunement to pseudowords is affected by both, learning context and phonotactic status. When real objects are used, fNIRS shows a long-term increase in response magnitude for legal PW. ERPs show a long-term decrease in negativities in response to trained legal PW. Conversely, the pseudo-objects context elicits neuronal attunement to all PW. We propose that legal PW in a real object context cause conflict, leading to difficulties in lexical integration. However, training eases lexical integration of trained legal PW through priming. Our results speak for the early relevance of phonotactics and context in language acquisition.

摘要

语境会影响语言处理和学习。我们在这里比较了两种不同上下文的影响（伪对象，数据来自 [Obrig, H., Mock, J., Stephan, F., Richter, M., Vignotto, M., & Rossi, S. (2017) . 联想词学习对 6 个月大婴儿语音处理的影响：脑电图和 fNIRS 联合研究发育认知神经科学，25, 185–197。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.09.001] ，对比真实物体）在 3 天学习范式中处理 6 个月大的孩子在语音上合法与非法伪词（PW）的处理. 使用 ERP 和功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS)，我们发现对伪词的短期（前→后测试）和长期（第 1 天→第 2 天→第 3 天）调整受学习环境和音素状态的影响。当使用真实物体时，fNIRS 显示出合法 PW 响应幅度的长期增加。ERP 显示出对受过训练的合法 PW 的消极反应的长期减少。相反，伪对象上下文引起所有 PW 的神经元协调。我们建议真实对象上下文中的合法 PW 会引起冲突，导致词汇整合困难。然而，培训通过启动简化了受过训练的法律 PW 的词汇整合。我们的结果说明语音学和语境在语言习得中的早期相关性。