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Three-dimensional soil heterogeneity modulates responses of grassland mesocosms to an experimentally imposed drought extreme
Oikos ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-12 , DOI: 10.1111/oik.07810
Yongjie Liu 1, 2 , Michiel F. Bortier 2 , Ivan Nijs 2 , Yongshuo Fu 3 , Zhenqing Li 4, 5 , Fujiang Hou 1 , Hans J. De Boeck 2
Affiliation  

Heterogeneity is an intrinsic characteristic of soils, which regulates plant diversity and ecosystem functioning. However, whether soil heterogeneity also modulates responses of plant communities to climate change, including climate extremes, remains largely an open question. Here, we explore responses of plant communities to drought extremes across four levels of spatial soil heterogeneity, with cell sizes varying from very small to very large, i.e. 0, 12, 24 and 48 cm. These were created in mesocosms by alternating nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor substrate in three dimensions. A seed mixture of 24 grassland species was evenly sown on each mesocosm in spring. In late summer, a three-week drought was imposed with a rainout shelter. During the drought, soil water content at the mesocosm scale decreased more at intermediate (12 and 24 cm) than at small or large (0 and 48 cm) cell sizes, which was reflected in increased senescence and drought-induced heat stress. These responses could be traced to greater plant biomass coupled with higher water demand at those intermediate cell sizes, likely related to between-cell access to nutrients and effects of diversity and community composition. Our results indicate that soil heterogeneity can modulate the impact of drought extremes on plant communities, though more research is needed on the transition between intermediate and extreme cell sizes, where heterogeneity effects seem to change most. We propose that soil heterogeneity be considered more explicitly in studies of changing precipitation regimes.

中文翻译:

三维土壤异质性调节草原中观对实验施加的极端干旱的反应

异质性是土壤的内在特征,它调节植物多样性和生态系统功能。然而,土壤异质性是否也会调节植物群落对气候变化(包括极端气候)的反应,在很大程度上仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在这里,我们探索了植物群落对四个空间土壤异质性水平的极端干旱的反应,细胞大小从非常小到非常大,即 0、12、24 和 48 厘米。这些是通过在三个维度上交替富含营养和缺乏营养的底物在中宇宙中产生的。春季将 24 种草原物种的种子混合物均匀地播种在每个中层上。在夏末,一场为期三周的干旱因雨棚而被强加。在干旱期间,中宇宙尺度的土壤含水量在中间(12 和 24 厘米)比在小或大(0 和 48 厘米)细胞大小下降更多,这反映在衰老和干旱引起的热应激增加。这些反应可以追溯到更大的植物生物量以及在那些中等大小的细胞中更高的水需求,这可能与细胞间对营养物质的获取以及多样性和群落组成的影响有关。我们的研究结果表明,土壤异质性可以调节极端干旱对植物群落的影响,尽管需要对中间和极端细胞大小之间的过渡进行更多研究,其中异质性影响似乎变化最大。我们建议在研究不断变化的降水情况时更明确地考虑土壤异质性。这反映在衰老增加和干旱引起的热应激上。这些反应可以追溯到更大的植物生物量以及在那些中等大小的细胞中更高的水需求,这可能与细胞间对营养物质的获取以及多样性和群落组成的影响有关。我们的研究结果表明,土壤异质性可以调节极端干旱对植物群落的影响,尽管需要对中间和极端细胞大小之间的过渡进行更多研究,其中异质性影响似乎变化最大。我们建议在研究不断变化的降水情况时更明确地考虑土壤异质性。这反映在衰老增加和干旱引起的热应激上。这些反应可以追溯到更大的植物生物量以及在那些中等大小的细胞中更高的水需求,这可能与细胞间对营养物质的获取以及多样性和群落组成的影响有关。我们的研究结果表明,土壤异质性可以调节极端干旱对植物群落的影响,尽管需要对中间和极端细胞大小之间的过渡进行更多研究,其中异质性影响似乎变化最大。我们建议在研究不断变化的降水情况时更明确地考虑土壤异质性。可能与细胞间对营养物质的获取以及多样性和群落组成的影响有关。我们的研究结果表明,土壤异质性可以调节极端干旱对植物群落的影响,尽管需要对中间和极端细胞大小之间的过渡进行更多研究,其中异质性影响似乎变化最大。我们建议在研究不断变化的降水情况时更明确地考虑土壤异质性。可能与细胞间对营养物质的获取以及多样性和群落组成的影响有关。我们的研究结果表明,土壤异质性可以调节极端干旱对植物群落的影响,尽管需要对中间和极端细胞大小之间的过渡进行更多研究,其中异质性影响似乎变化最大。我们建议在研究不断变化的降水情况时更明确地考虑土壤异质性。
更新日期:2021-07-04
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