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Reading the Entanglements of Nature-culture Conservation and Development in Contemporary India
Journal of South Asian Development ( IF 0.464 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-11 , DOI: 10.1177/09731741211013676
Krupa Rajangam 1 , Aparna Sundar 2
Affiliation  

In this article we argue for greater attention to the practice of (nature-culture) conservation as a specific form of intervention with implications for development. Outlining the dominant frameworks through which the often vexed relationship between conservation and development has been understood, the article offers an alternative analytical framework that is grounded in ethnographic attention to everyday practice. Applying this framework, the three papers in this special section examine conservation-development dilemmas at diverse conservation sites in India—Rushikulya, Orissa, a globally significant site for the conservation of marine turtles; Nagarahole, in southern Karnataka, one of India’s most successful tiger reserves; and the Hampi region, northern Karnataka, where the archaeological remains of the medieval Vijayanagara Empire have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS). The papers reveal a relationship between conservation and development that is paradoxically both more structurally imbricated and more contingent and variable than a focus on official frameworks, discourses and plans would suggest. They lead us to argue that, rather than focusing on the stated objectives of the formal conservation plan alone, attention to its ambivalent adoptions and unintended outcomes, as well as to negotiations between diverse actors and forms of knowledge, can contribute to both a more balanced theorization of conservation’s relation to development as well as to more effective conservation practices.



中文翻译:

阅读当代印度自然文化保护与发展的纠结

在本文中,我们主张更多地关注(自然文化)保护的做法,将其作为一种特定的干预形式,对发展产生影响。概述了理解保护与发展之间经常烦恼的关系的主要框架,本文提供了另一种分析框架,其基础是人种学对日常实践的关注。应用此框架,本节中的三篇论文探讨了印度不同保护区(奥里萨邦Rushikulya,这是全球重要的海龟保护区)的保护发展困境。位于卡纳塔克邦南部的纳加拉霍(Nagarahole),是印度最成功的老虎保护区之一;以及卡纳塔克邦北部的亨比地区 中世纪的维贾亚尼亚加拉帝国(Vijayanagara Empire)的考古遗迹已被指定为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。这些论文揭示了保护与发展之间的关系,其与结构上的矛盾,偶然性和可变性相矛盾,而不是侧重于官方框架,论述和计划所暗示的。他们使我们认为,与其仅关注正式保护计划的既定目标,不如关注其模棱两可的采用和意想不到的结果,以及关注不同参与者和知识形式之间的谈判,都可以促进两者之间更加平衡的发展。保护与发展以及更有效的保护实践的关系的理论化。论文揭示了保护与发展之间的关系,其矛盾之处在于结构上的限制,偶然性和可变性,而不是侧重于官方框架,论述和计划所暗示的。他们导致我们争辩说,与其仅关注正式保护计划的既定目标,不如关注其模棱两可的采用和意想不到的结果,以及关注不同行为者和知识形式之间的谈判,都可以促进两者之间更加平衡的发展。保护与发展以及更有效的保护实践的关系的理论化。这些论文揭示了保护与发展之间的关系,其与结构上的矛盾,偶然性和可变性相矛盾,而不是侧重于官方框架,论述和计划所暗示的。他们导致我们争辩说,与其仅关注正式保护计划的既定目标,不如关注其模棱两可的采用和意想不到的结果,以及关注不同行为者和知识形式之间的谈判,都可以促进两者之间更加平衡的发展。保护与发展以及更有效的保护实践的关系的理论化。

更新日期:2021-05-12
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