Using the inter-regional economic inequality index and the gross state product per capita for the Mexican states over the period 1940–2015, we apply regime dynamics and hierarchical cluster analysis for segmenting the sample into regimes of Mexican states with similar performance. Robust econometric models are studied showing the direction of causality between economic inequality and income per capita, and the existence of a U-shaped curve for the interdependence between economic growth vs economic inequality, and threshold levels. We additionally demonstrate the existence of inequality traps. The education literacy rate as a control variable indicates an inverted U-shaped curve.

中文翻译：

---

墨西哥各州的增长和不平等：制度、门槛和陷阱

利用区域间经济不平等指数和州生产总值人均为墨西哥国家在此期间1940至2015年，我们运用政权的动态和聚类分析的样本分割成具有类似性能的墨西哥州的政权。研究了稳健的计量经济模型，显示了经济不平等与人均收入之间因果关系的方向，以及经济增长与经济不平等之间的相互依存关系的 U 形曲线，以及阈值水平。我们还证明了不平等陷阱的存在。作为控制变量的教育识字率呈现倒U型曲线。