Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations fed by photovoltaic (PV) panels allow integration of various low-carbon technologies, and are gaining increasing attention as a mean to locally manage power generation and demand. This paper presents novel control schemes to improve coordination of an islanded PV-fed DC bus EV charging system during various disturbances, including rapid changes of irradiance, EV connection and disconnection, or energy storage unit (ESU) charging and discharging. A new hybrid control scheme combining the advantages of both master–slave control and droop control is proposed for a charging station supplying 20 EVs for a total power of 890 kW. In addition, a three-level (3L) boost converter with capacitor voltage balance control is designed for PV generation, with the aim to provide high voltage gain while employing a small inductor. The control techniques are implemented in a simulation environment. Various case studies are presented and analysed, confirming the effectiveness and stability of the control strategies proposed for the islanded charging system. For all tested conditions, the operating voltage is maintained within 5% of the rated value.

中文翻译：

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基于混合控制方案的光伏馈电直流客车岛式电动汽车充电系统

由光伏（PV）面板供电的电动汽车（EV）充电站允许集成各种低碳技术，并作为一种本地管理发电和需求的手段而受到越来越多的关注。本文提出了新颖的控制方案，以改善孤岛式馈电式直流母线EV充电系统在各种干扰（包括辐照度的快速变化，EV连接和断开或能量存储单元（ESU）的充电和放电）期间的协调性。提出了一种新的混合控制方案，该方案结合了主从控制和下垂控制的优点，为充电站提供了20辆EV，总功率为890 kW。此外，还设计了具有电容器电压平衡控制功能的三级（3L）升压转换器，用于光伏发电，目的是在使用小型电感器的同时提供高电压增益。控制技术在仿真环境中实现。提出并分析了各种案例研究，证实了针对孤岛充电系统提出的控制策略的有效性和稳定性。在所有测试条件下，工作电压均保持在额定值的5％以内。