This article presents the results of the investigation of high-current vacuum arcs (HCVAs) on axial magnetic field (AMF) contacts at an average opening speed of 2 m/s and the comparison of the obtained results with similar results received earlier at a lower average opening speed of 1 m/s. We compared the voltage oscillograms and the current–voltage characteristics (CVCs), as well as the arc development process of the discharges at different opening speeds. The discharge was ignited by opening the contacts in a demountable vacuum chamber and was fed with the half-sine current pulse of 10 ms in duration. For analyzing the arc development processes, high-speed video recording of the arc column and the cathode surface was conducted throughout the entire current pulse. We discovered that the process looks similar for both the investigated contact speeds: a discharge is initiated at one or more points and covers the entire contact surface in a few milliseconds. Only quantitative differences are observed due to a higher arc voltage and, accordingly, energy input at a higher speed of contact movement. The CVC of the developed arc in both cases turned out to be linear in a wide range of currents. The analysis of the CVC showed that, in the developed arc, the ratio of the resistance of the column to its length does not depend on the length of the gap and the opening speed of the contacts. Thus, we can assume that the plasma parameters in the column change little with an increase in the current and in the opening speed of contacts. This assumption is supported by the results of a discussion of the literature on the CVC of HCVAs.

中文翻译：

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不同打开速度下AMF触头上电弧的发展和电流电压特性

本文介绍了在平均打开速度为2 m / s的情况下对轴向磁场（AMF）触点上的大电流真空电弧（HCVA）进行研究的结果，并对所获得的结果进行了比较，并与较早获得的类似结果进行了比较。平均打开速度为1 m / s。我们比较了电压波形图和电流电压特性（CVC），以及在不同打开速度下放电的电弧发展过程。通过在可拆卸的真空室中打开触点来点燃放电，并向其提供持续时间为10 ms的半正弦电流脉冲。为了分析电弧发展过程，在整个电流脉冲中都进行了电弧柱和阴极表面的高速视频记录。我们发现，对于所研究的两种接触速度，该过程看起来都相似：在一个或多个点处开始放电，并在几毫秒内覆盖整个接触表面。由于较高的电弧电压以及因此以较高的接触运动速度输入的能量，只能观察到定量差异。在两种情况下，发达电弧的CVC在大电流范围内均呈线性。CVC的分析表明，在展开的电弧中，柱的电阻与其长度之比不取决于间隙的长度和触点的打开速度。因此，我们可以假设，随着电流和触点打开速度的增加，色谱柱中的等离子体参数几乎没有变化。