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Thermal maturation, mineral catalysis, and gas generation kinetics of carbonate source rock
Gas Science and Engineering ( IF 5.285 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jngse.2021.104003
Lateef Owolabi Lawal , Abdulrauf R. Adebayo , Mohamed Mahmoud , Abdullah Sultan , Shirish Patil

Source-rock evaluation must start by first characterizing thermal maturity. The concept of thermal maturation or thermal decomposition is a well-defined quantitative modelling of kinetic parameters to explain the generation and expulsion of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons from sedimentary source rocks. However, unlike coal and shale source rocks, carbonate source rocks are emerging source rocks and no analyses of thermal maturation kinetics have been reported in the literature. Apparently, this study is one of the most recent and first laboratory study of thermal maturation kinetics of carbonate source rock. In this paper, we simulated this process by conducting controlled laboratory experiments under high temperature from 40 °C to 450 °C using advanced integrated analytical techniques. The dataset is modeled by the solid state kinetics of first order reactions. In addition, the poor knowledge of how catalytic minerals stimulate thermal maturation is investigated; a unique and significant contribution that sets this work apart from previous thermal maturation studies. The result from kinetic modelling showed that the distribution of activation energy in the range of 99–325 kJ/mol is bimodal, reflecting possible peak shift in the thermal decomposition process, reaction mechanism and maturation prediction. The model further suggests that the maturation process of carbonate-rich source rock is very likely to be different from that of clay-rich source rock. Elemental and mineralogical analyses of investigated sample revealed the presences of catalytic elements such as iron, gypsum, pyrite and kaolinite. The analysis of the generated gases constrained to only three gases showed that the volume content of carbon dioxide, methane and water are 2%, 46% and 52% respectively. The generation of carbon dioxide is constant whereas methane increases and water decreases respectively with thermal maturation. Although, the investigated sample has a high calcite content of 91.9%, the methane content of 46% gives a strong indication of high natural gas generative potential as contrasted with the 2% of carbon dioxide generated. The findings of this study can help to better understand the coupled mechanism controlling thermal maturation of carbonate source rock and also provide useful reference dataset for basin modelling of carbonate source rocks for field studies.



中文翻译:

碳酸盐岩的热成熟,矿物催化和产气动力学

烃源岩评估必须首先表征热成熟度。热成熟或热分解的概念是定义明确的动力学参数定量模型,用于解释沉积烃源岩中液态和气态碳氢化合物的产生和排出。然而,与煤和页岩烃源岩不同,碳酸盐烃源岩是新兴的烃源岩,文献中还没有关于热成熟动力学的分析报告。显然,该研究是碳酸盐烃源岩热成熟动力学的最新研究和首次实验室研究之一。在本文中,我们通过使用先进的集成分析技术在40°C至450°C的高温下进行受控的实验室实验,模拟了此过程。该数据集通过一阶反应的固态动力学建模。另外,还研究了关于催化矿物质如何促进热成熟的知识不足。一个独特而重要的贡献,使这项工作与以前的热成熟研究脱颖而出。动力学建模的结果表明,活化能在99-325 kJ / mol范围内的分布是双峰的,反映了热分解过程,反应机理和成熟度预测中可能出现的峰位移。该模型进一步表明,富含碳酸盐的烃源岩的成熟过程很可能与富含粘土的烃源岩的成熟过程不同。对所研究样品的元素和矿物学分析表明存在催化元素,例如铁,石膏,黄铁矿和高岭石。对仅限于三种气体的生成气体的分析表明,二氧化碳,甲烷和水的体积含量分别为2%,46%和52%。二氧化碳的产生是恒定的,而甲烷随着热成熟而增加而水减少。尽管所研究的样品具有91.9%的高方解石含量,但与2%的二氧化碳生成量相比,甲烷含量为46%仍能很好地表明天然气的高生成潜力。这项研究的发现可以帮助更好地理解控制碳酸盐岩源岩热成熟的耦合机制,也可以为碳酸盐岩源岩盆地建模提供有用的参考数据集,以供现场研究。甲烷和水分别为2%,46%和52%。二氧化碳的产生是恒定的,而甲烷随着热成熟而增加而水减少。尽管所研究的样品具有91.9%的高方解石含量,但与2%的二氧化碳生成量相比,甲烷含量为46%仍能很好地表明天然气的高生成潜力。这项研究的发现可以帮助更好地理解控制碳酸盐岩源岩热成熟的耦合机制,也可以为碳酸盐岩源岩盆地建模提供有用的参考数据集,以供现场研究。甲烷和水分别为2%,46%和52%。二氧化碳的产生是恒定的,而甲烷随着热成熟而增加而水减少。尽管所研究的样品具有91.9%的高方解石含量,但与2%的二氧化碳生成量相比,甲烷含量为46%仍能很好地表明天然气的高生成潜力。这项研究的发现可以帮助更好地理解控制碳酸盐岩源岩热成熟的耦合机制,也可以为碳酸盐岩源岩盆地建模提供有用的参考数据集,以供现场研究。所研究的样品的方解石含量高达91.9%,甲烷含量为46%,与产生的2%的二氧化碳形成鲜明对比,充分表明了天然气的高产潜力。这项研究的发现可以帮助更好地理解控制碳酸盐岩源岩热成熟的耦合机制,也可以为碳酸盐岩源岩盆地建模提供有用的参考数据集,以供现场研究。所研究的样品的方解石含量高达91.9%,甲烷含量为46%,与产生的2%的二氧化碳形成鲜明对比,充分表明了天然气的高产潜力。这项研究的发现可以帮助更好地理解控制碳酸盐岩源岩热成熟的耦合机制,也可以为碳酸盐岩源岩盆地建模提供有用的参考数据集,以供现场研究。

更新日期:2021-05-13
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