In this paper we propose the control of a parallel multi-stage photovoltaic (PV) system using a reliable and precise Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy. This technique is based on the acquisition of the electrical output quantities (voltage, current, and power), common to DC/DC converters, and the control of the power switches, in alternation. In the case of two stages, during the time t_i, converter 1 is regulated in real time by the MPPT control, and the second converter keeps the previous MPPT optimization parameters (t_i − 1). During the following time t_i + 1, converter 1 retains the previous MPPT optimization parameters (t_i) and converter 2 is regulated in real time by the MPPT controller. The proposed technique is experimented on a photovoltaic system that feeds a solar cooker. This system is formed by a thermal resistance, two types of PV panels (200 and 230 W) and two DC/DC converters. Compared to the classical technique (instantaneous control), the results obtained show a significant performance and improvements: Convergence speed towards the maximum power point PPM of 48%, variations the electrical quantities gaps (current, voltage, power) at the input and output of the DC/DC converters by a factor of 2.46, electrical energy production of 4%, plate heating temperature of 27.3%, and an efficiency of 5%. The temperatures of the thermal resistances are validated by the thermal models established during this work. The improvements in DC/DC converter performance and solar cooker heating temperature are attributed, on the one hand, to the nature of the proposed MPPT control, which reduces the dispersion of electrical quantities at the input and output of the DC/DC converters, and, on the other hand, to the rapid heating of the solar cooker by the electrical energy produced by the photovoltaic panels.

中文翻译：

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“太阳能灶”交替多级最大功率点跟踪控制并联光伏系统

在本文中，我们建议使用可靠且精确的最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT) 控制策略来控制并行多级光伏 (PV) 系统。该技术基于对 DC/DC 转换器共有的电气输出量（电压、电流和功率）的获取，以及对电源开关的交替控制。在两级的情况下，在时间t _i期间，转换器1由MPPT控制实时调节，第二转换器保持先前的MPPT优化参数(t _{i - 1} )。在接下来的时间 t _{i + 1 期间}，转换器 1 保留先前的 MPPT 优化参数（t _i) 和转换器 2 由 MPPT 控制器实时调节。所提出的技术在为太阳能炊具供电的光伏系统上进行了实验。该系统由一个热电阻、两种类型的光伏面板（200 和 230 W）和两个 DC/DC 转换器组成。与经典技术（瞬时控制）相比，获得的结果显示出显着的性能和改进：收敛速度向 48% 的最大功率点 PPM，变化输入和输出处的电气量间隙（电流、电压、功率） DC/DC 转换器的系数为 2.46，产生的电能为 4%，板加热温度为 27.3%，效率为 5%。热电阻的温度通过在这项工作中建立的热模型进行验证。