Foundations are frequently referred to as a donor's dead hand, as a way to exert social, political, economic and cultural influence from beyond the grave. Building on this, our paper argues for a greater focus on and consideration of the significance of the spectral in philanthropy research and practice, particularly in relation to foundations. We argue that spectrality offers a focal phenomenon in philanthropy and a focal theory for moving foundation inquiry forward. Based on our systematic review of the social sciences literature on the spectral, we identify and offer four thematic clusters to frame insights about foundations in relation to relationality and decentring, narratives and representations, ethics and politics, continuity and change. Connecting foundation scholarship with existing debates about the spectral and vice versa, our work offers a basis for reflection and future research on the part of those immersed in the foundation world, and contributes to emergent scholarship about the spectral in organization and management studies.

中文翻译：

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下面是什么？光谱作为一个焦点现象和一个焦点理论，用于加强与慈善基金会的参与

基金会经常被称为捐赠者的死手，作为一种从坟墓之外施加社会、政治、经济和文化影响的方式。在此基础上，我们的论文主张更加关注和考虑光谱在慈善研究和实践中的重要性，特别是与基金会相关的意义。我们认为，光谱提供了慈善事业的焦点现象和推动基金会调查向前发展的焦点理论。基于我们对光谱社会科学文献的系统回顾，我们确定并提供了四个主题集群，以构建关于与关系和去中心化、叙事和表征、伦理和政治、连续性和变化相关的基础的见解。将基金会奖学金与现有关于光谱的辩论联系起来，反之亦然，