The continued warming of the planet resulting from anthropogenic CO₂ emissions requires immediate action to meet climate change mitigation targets. The utilization of CO₂ from waste streams and ambient air has attracted increasing attention as a powerful emission mitigation tool. This review aimed at exploring the current state of carbon capture and utilization technologies. Various separation techniques, including absorption, adsorption, membrane, cryogenics, and chemical looping were explored in this review, with their challenges and future prospects identified. Utilization of CO₂ via conversion to fuels and chemicals, as a green solvent and enhanced oil recovery, as well as through mineral carbonation were explored. Conversion of CO₂ to synthetic fuels appears to be the very promising pathway to scaling up carbon capture technologies due to the value of the products. The costs and sustainability aspects of capture and utilization technologies, as well as the challenges and future prospects for CO₂ utilization were discussed.

人为产生的CO ₂排放造成的地球持续变暖需要立即采取行动，以达到缓解气候变化的目标。作为一种强大的排放缓解工具，来自废物流和环境空气中的CO ₂的利用已引起越来越多的关注。这篇综述旨在探讨碳捕获和利用技术的当前状态。本文探讨了各种分离技术，包括吸收，吸附，膜，低温和化学循环，并确定了它们的挑战和未来前景。探索了通过将CO ₂转化为燃料和化学品作为绿色溶剂并提高采收率，以及通过矿物碳化来利用CO _2的方法。CO ₂转化率由于产品的价值，合成碳燃料似乎是扩大碳捕集技术的非常有前途的途径。讨论了捕获和利用技术的成本和可持续性方面，以及CO ₂利用的挑战和未来前景。