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Spider mite resistance to miticides in South Carolina strawberry and implications for improved integrated pest management
Experimental and Applied Acarology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00621-7
Paul E. Bergeron , Rebecca A. Schmidt-Jeffris

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), twospotted spider mite, is a major secondary pest of strawberry and can cause significant yield loss. Tetranychus urticae is typically controlled using miticides, which has led to rapid resistance development. In South Carolina (USA), extension agents and growers have reported field failures of miticides (inadequate pest suppression), but resistance has not been quantitatively determined. In 2018, we determined the level of miticide resistance of six T. urticae populations found on strawberry across South Carolina. We examined efficacy of all miticides registered for use on US strawberry by conducting an initial diagnostic bioassay at 20% of the maximum labeled field rate. Any population × active ingredient combination resulting in < 55% mortality was identified as ‘potentially resistant’ and concentration–response bioassays were then conducted to calculate LC50 values for an individual population. These values were compared with those of a known-susceptible laboratory population to calculate resistance ratios (RR). Our results indicate that examined South Carolina populations of T. urticae from strawberry were highly resistant to bifenthrin (RR = 100–60,000) and there was reduced susceptibility to fenbutatin-oxide (RR = 25–123). The 'Sardinia' population had decreased abamectin susceptibility (RR = 25). No resistance to hexythiazox, etoxazole, acequinocyl, bifenazate, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen, or cyflumetofen was found. Based on available data, it appears that miticide resistance is not a likely cause of field failures and issues related to application error and coverage should be investigated. Overall, this work supports the need to reduce the use of broad-spectrum pesticides and older products, in favor of newer miticide chemistries due to resistance issues.



中文翻译:

南卡罗来纳州草莓红蜘蛛对杀螨剂的抗性及其对病虫害综合治理的意义

斑节叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch)(双歧叶螨)是草莓的主要次生害虫,可导致产量大幅下降。通常使用杀螨剂控制四叶螨Tetranychus urticae),这导致了快速的耐药性发展。在南卡罗来纳州(美国),推广人员和种植者报告了杀螨剂在田间的失败(有害生物抑制能力不足),但尚未定量确定其抗药性。在2018年,我们确定了六个杀螨剂抗性水平T.螨在南卡罗来纳州的草莓上发现的数量 我们通过以最大标记田间率的20%进行初始诊断性生物分析,检查了所有注册用于美国草莓的杀螨剂的功效。任何导致死亡率低于55%的人群×活性成分组合均被鉴定为“潜在耐药性”,然后进行浓度反应生物测定以计算单个人群的LC 50值。将这些值与已知易感实验室人群的值进行比较,以计算抗性比(RR)。我们的结果表明,检查了南卡罗来纳州的荨麻疹种群草莓中的联苯菊酯对联苯菊酯具有高度抗性(RR = 100–60,000),对苯丁丁氧化物的敏感性降低(RR = 25–123)。“撒丁岛”人群的阿维菌素敏感性降低(RR = 25)。未发现对己硫唑,乙恶唑,乙酰喹啉,联苯吡唑,芬吡肟酯,螺西莫芬或氟苯乙胺的抗药性。根据现有数据,似乎抗杀螨剂不是现场失败的可能原因,应调查与应用错误和覆盖范围有关的问题。总的来说,这项工作支持减少广谱农药和旧产品的使用的需求,而由于耐药性问题而支持更新的杀螨剂化学。

更新日期:2021-05-11
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