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Cohort profile: four early uranium processing facilities in the US and Canada
International Journal of Radiation Biology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 , DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1917786
Ashley P Golden 1 , Cato M Milder 2 , Elizabeth D Ellis 1 , Jeri L Anderson 3 , John D Boice 2, 4 , Stephen J Bertke 3 , Lydia B Zablotska 5
Affiliation  

Abstract

Purpose

Pooling of individual-level data for workers involved in uranium refining and processing (excluding enrichment) may provide valuable insights into risks from occupational uranium and external ionizing radiation exposures.

Methods

Data were pooled for workers from four uranium processing facilities (Fernald, Mallinckrodt and Middlesex from the U.S.; and Port Hope, Canada). Employment began as early as the 1930s and follow-up was as late as 2017. Workers were exposed to high concentrations of uranium, radium, and their decay products, as well as gamma radiation and ambient radon decay products. Exposure and outcome data were harmonized using similar definitions and dose reconstruction methods. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were estimated.

Results

In total, 560 deaths from lung cancer, 503 non-malignant respiratory diseases, 67 renal diseases, 1,596 ischemic heart diseases, and 101 dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) were detected in the pooled cohort of over 12,400 workers (∼1,300 females). Mean cumulative doses were 45 millisievert for whole-body external ionizing radiation exposure and 172 milligray for lung dose from radon decay products. Only SMR for dementia and AD among males was statistically significant (SMR=1.29; 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.54).

Conclusions

This is the largest study to date to examine long-term health risks of uranium processing workers.



中文翻译:

群组概况:美国和加拿大的四个早期铀加工设施

摘要

目的

汇集参与铀精炼和加工(不包括浓缩)的工人的个人数据可能会提供有关职业铀和外部电离辐射暴露风险的宝贵见解。

方法

汇集了四个铀加工设施(美国的 Fernald、Mallinckrodt 和 Middlesex;以及加拿大的霍普港)工人的数据。就业早在 1930 年代就开始了,后续工作一直持续到 2017 年。工人们接触到高浓度的铀、镭及其衰变产物,以及伽马辐射和环境氡衰变产物。使用相似的定义和剂量重建方法协调暴露和结果数据。估计了标准化死亡率(SMR)。

结果

在超过 12,400 名工人(约 1,300 名女性)的汇总队列中,总共检测到 560 例死于肺癌、503 例非恶性呼吸系统疾病、67 例肾脏疾病、1,596 例缺血性心脏病以及 101 例痴​​呆和阿尔茨海默病 (AD)。全身外部电离辐射暴露的平均累积剂量为 45 毫西弗,氡衰变产物的肺剂量为 172 毫克。只有男性痴呆症和 AD 的 SMR 具有统计学意义(SMR=1.29;95% 置信区间:1.04、1.54)。

结论

这是迄今为止检查铀加工工人长期健康风险的最大规模研究。

更新日期:2021-05-30
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