For the past decades, the applicability of distributed optical fibre sensor (DOFS) technology has been widely explored to assess the structural health and integrity. The DOFS has distinctive features compared to traditional sensors, including the ability to provide long-distance monitoring of temperature, strain, and vibration with a single mode of cable. Moreover, it has high durability and low maintenance cost which reveals new possibilities for the health monitoring of large and spatially distributed infrastructures. This paper provides a general background and basic principles of the DOFS technology, followed by a comprehensive review and appraisal of DOFS applications for infrastructure health monitoring including bridges, dams, slopes, pipelines, tunnels, mining conveyors and pavement. The advantages and limitations of DOFS systems for health monitoring of various infrastructure, with emphasis on the installation methods, are presented. Furthermore, challenges and future research direction of DOFS implementation for large infrastructure health monitoring are discussed.

在过去的几十年中，已广泛探索了分布式光纤传感器（DOFS）技术的适用性，以评估结构的健康状况和完整性。与传统传感器相比，DOFS具有独特的功能，包括能够通过单模电缆对温度，应变和振动进行远程监控。此外，它具有较高的耐用性和较低的维护成本，这为大型且空间分布的基础结构的运行状况监视提供了新的可能性。本文提供了DOFS技术的一般背景和基本原理，随后对DOFS在基础设施健康监测（包括桥梁，大坝，斜坡，管道，隧道，采矿输送机和路面）中的应用进行了全面的审查和评估。介绍了DOFS系统用于各种基础结构的运行状况监视的优点和局限性，并着重介绍了安装方法。此外，讨论了大型基础设施健康监控中DOFS实施的挑战和未来的研究方向。