Individuals diagnosed with psychotic disorders exhibit abnormalities in the perception of expressive behaviors, which are linked to symptoms and visual information processing domains. Specifically, literature suggests these groups have difficulties perceiving gestures that accompany speech. While our understanding of gesture perception in psychotic disorders is growing, gesture perception abnormalities and clues about potential causes and consequences among individuals meeting criteria for a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome is limited. Presently, 29 individuals with a CHR syndrome and 32 healthy controls completed an eye-tracking gesture perception paradigm. In this task, participants viewed an actor using abstract and literal gestures while presenting a story and eye gaze data (eg, fixation counts and total fixation time) was collected. Furthermore, relationships between fixation variables and both symptoms (positive, negative, anxiety, and depression) and measures of visual information processing (working memory and attention) were examined. Findings revealed that the CHR group gazed at abstract gestures fewer times than the control group. When individuals in the CHR group did gaze at abstract gestures, on average, they spent significantly less time fixating compared to controls. Furthermore, reduced fixation (ie, count and time) was related to depression and slower response time on an attentional task. While a similar pattern of group differences in the same direction appeared for literal gestures, the effect was not significant. These data highlight the importance of integrating gesture perception abnormalities into vulnerability models of psychosis and inform the development of targeted treatments for social communicative deficits.

中文翻译：

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异常手势感知与精神病的临床高危

被诊断患有精神病的个体表现出对表达行为的感知异常，这与症状和视觉信息处理领域有关。具体而言，文献表明这些群体难以感知伴随语音的手势。虽然我们对精神障碍中手势感知的理解不断加深，但对于符合临床高危 (CHR) 综合征标准的个体，手势感知异常以及关于潜在原因和后果的线索是有限的。目前，29 名 CHR 综合征患者和 32 名健康对照者完成了眼动追踪手势感知范式。在这项任务中，参与者在呈现故事时使用抽象和文字手势观看演员，并收集眼睛注视数据（例如，注视计数和总注视时间）。此外，还检查了注视变量与两种症状（阳性、阴性、焦虑和抑郁）以及视觉信息处理测量（工作记忆和注意力）之间的关系。结果显示，CHR 组注视抽象手势的次数少于对照组。当 CHR 组中的个体确实凝视抽象手势时，平均而言，与对照组相比，他们花在注视上的时间明显减少。此外，减少的固定（即计数和时间）与抑郁和注意力任务的反应时间较慢有关。虽然文字手势出现了相同方向的类似组差异模式，但效果并不显着。