The agricultural industry is severely affected by low temperature due to its wide range of adverse effects. This work aimed to elucidate the changes in fatty acid composition during cotton (Gossypium L.) seed germination and the relationship of that change and germination characteristics. Three temperatures, 15/12 (T12), 21/18 (T18), and 25/25 °C day/night (T25), were set to treat Xinluzao 65 (L65) and Xinhai 35 (H35). Under T12, the germination rate, germination index, and water absorption rate of the cotton seeds decreased, and the mean time of germination increased compared to T25. The germination rate, germination index and water absorption rate of H35 were 6.67, 5.15, and 17% higher, respectively, than those of L65 under the T2 treatment. The total lipids, saturated fatty acid/unsaturated fatty acid (SFA/UFA) ratio, and monounsaturated fatty acid/polyunsaturated fatty acid (MUFA/PUFA) ratio were 3.75, 0.30, and 4.98% higher, respectively, in H35 than in L65 under the T25 treatment. The water absorption rate of L65 was significantly positively correlated with C18:2 and significantly negatively correlated with C24:0 and C18:1. The water absorption rate and germination rate of H35 were significantly positively correlated with C14:0 and C16:1, and C18:2 was significantly negatively correlated with the germination rate and the water absorption rate. Therefore, low-temperature stress in cotton results in an increase in the water absorption rate and consequent decreases in the concentrations of SFAs C20:0, C22:0, and C24:0, as well as an increase in the concentration of UFA C16:1. These changes enhance the ability of cotton seeds to resist cold damage.

中文翻译：

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棉籽萌发期抗寒性与不饱和脂肪酸含量有关

农业由于其广泛的不利影响而受到低温的严重影响。这项工作旨在阐明棉花（GossypiumL.) 种子萌发及其变化与萌发特性的关系。设置三个温度，15/12 (T12)、21/18 (T18) 和 25/25 °C 昼/夜 (T25)，处理新陆早 65 (L65) 和新海 35 (H35)。与T25相比，T12下棉花种子的发芽率、发芽指数和吸水率下降，平均发芽时间增加。T2处理下H35的发芽率、发芽指数和吸水率分别比L65高6.67%、5.15%和17%。总脂质、饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸 (SFA/UFA) 比和单不饱和脂肪酸/多不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA/PUFA) 比在 H35 中分别比 L65 高 3.75、0.30 和 4.98%。 T25 治疗。L65的吸水率与C18:2呈显着正相关，与C24:0和C18:1呈显着负相关。H35的吸水率和发芽率与C14:0和C16:1呈显着正相关，C18:2与发芽率和吸水率呈显着负相关。因此，棉花的低温胁迫导致吸水率增加，从而导致 SFAs C20:0、C22:0 和 C24:0 浓度降低，以及 UFA C16 浓度增加： 1. 这些变化增强了棉花种子抵抗冷害的能力。H35的吸水率和发芽率与C14:0和C16:1呈显着正相关，C18:2与发芽率和吸水率呈显着负相关。因此，棉花的低温胁迫导致吸水率增加，从而导致 SFAs C20:0、C22:0 和 C24:0 浓度降低，以及 UFA C16 浓度增加： 1. 这些变化增强了棉花种子抵抗冷害的能力。H35的吸水率和发芽率与C14:0和C16:1呈显着正相关，C18:2与发芽率和吸水率呈显着负相关。因此，棉花的低温胁迫导致吸水率增加，从而导致 SFAs C20:0、C22:0 和 C24:0 浓度降低，以及 UFA C16 浓度增加： 1. 这些变化增强了棉花种子抵抗冷害的能力。以及 UFA C16:1 浓度的增加。这些变化增强了棉花种子抵抗冷害的能力。以及 UFA C16:1 浓度的增加。这些变化增强了棉花种子抵抗冷害的能力。