A number of product-line analysis approaches lift analyses such as type checking, model checking, and theorem proving from the level of single programs to the level of product lines. These approaches share concepts and mechanisms that suggest an unexplored potential for reuse of key analysis steps and properties, implementation, and verification efforts. Despite the availability of taxonomies synthesizing such approaches, there still remains the underlying problem of not being able to describe product-line analyses and their properties precisely and uniformly. We propose a formal framework that models product-line analyses in a compositional manner, providing an overall understanding of the space of family-based, feature-based, and product-based analysis strategies. It defines precisely how the different types of product-line analyses compose and inter-relate. To ensure soundness, we formalize the framework, providing mechanized specification and proofs of key concepts and properties of the individual analyses. The formalization provides unambiguous definitions of domain terminology and assumptions as well as solid evidence of key properties based on rigorous formal proofs. To qualitatively assess the generality of the framework, we discuss to what extent it describes five representative product-line analyses targeting the following properties: safety, performance, dataflow facts, security, and functional program properties.

中文翻译：

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软件产品线分析的正式框架

许多产品线分析方法将类型检查、模型检查和定理证明等分析从单个程序级别提升到产品线级别。这些方法共享概念和机制，这些概念和机制暗示了重用关键分析步骤和属性、实现和验证工作的未开发潜力。尽管有综合这些方法的分类法，但仍然存在无法准确统一地描述产品线分析及其属性的潜在问题。我们提出了一个以组合方式对产品线分析进行建模的正式框架，提供对基于家族、基于特征和基于产品的分析策略空间的整体理解。它准确地定义了不同类型的产品线分析是如何构成和相互关联的。为确保稳健性，我们将框架形式化，提供机械化规范以及各个分析的关键概念和属性的证明。形式化提供了领域术语和假设的明确定义，以及基于严格形式证明的关键属性的可靠证据。为了定性评估框架的普遍性，我们讨论了它在多大程度上描述了针对以下属性的五种代表性产品线分析：安全性、性能、数据流事实、安全性和功能程序属性。形式化提供了领域术语和假设的明确定义，以及基于严格形式证明的关键属性的可靠证据。为了定性地评估框架的普遍性，我们讨论了它在多大程度上描述了针对以下属性的五种代表性产品线分析：安全性、性能、数据流事实、安全性和功能程序属性。形式化提供了领域术语和假设的明确定义，以及基于严格形式证明的关键属性的可靠证据。为了定性评估框架的普遍性，我们讨论了它在多大程度上描述了针对以下属性的五种代表性产品线分析：安全性、性能、数据流事实、安全性和功能程序属性。