The glass represents a significant part of the total solid wastes available each year around the world. The recycling of glass wastes is problematic in urban areas of most countries since waste glass ends up in landfills constituting thus an environmental issue and a public health problem. On the other hand, the finely ground glass has been demonstrated to possess an excellent pozzolanic activity and was successfully used to replace a part of the cement in the concrete with good yields. Also, the recycling of the glass in alkali-activated materials arouses great interest in recent years. This work is based on an optimization study of a recycled glass powder-based alkali-activated mortars incorporating metakaolin. Firstly, the influence of parameters such as w/b ratio, the activation temperature, the duration of the thermal activation, and the curing conditions (temperature and humidity) on the mechanical properties of specimens, was studied. Decreasing w/b allowed to improve the strength of materials with an optimum value of w/b equaled 0.42. The compressive strength increased with the temperature of activation up to 60 °C. Over this temperature, the strength significantly dropped. The enhancement in duration of thermal activation also induced a strength improvement. Thermal activation for 3 days was found to provide the best strength; however, 2 days were favored for energy saving. Three curing conditions were investigated including normal curing (20 °C/100% HR) and two special curing conditions (20 °C/50% RH) and (40 °C/50% RH). Samples cured at (20 °C/50% RH) provided better mechanical strength. This curing condition was thus defined as the optimum for the studied system. Then, the effect of both metakaolin and NaOH concentration on the mechanical properties, microstructure and thermal behavior of activated materials using the defined conditions, was studied. Results revealed that increasing NaOH concentration favored the dissolution reaction with respect to the polymerization reaction delaying the overall geopolymerization process. The addition of metakaolin, in contrast, promoted the polymerization process inducing the densification of the matrix with a progressive increase in the strength. The optimum conditions defined for the studied system were: w/b = 0.42; 92 wt% GP/8 wt% MK activated with 5 mol/L NaOH at 60 °C for 2 days and curing condition of 20 °C/50% RH. Three type of gels have been detected in the studied materials: Na silicate gel, C–S–H and N-A-S-H type gels. The increase in NaOH concentration favored the formation of Na silicate gel along with carbonation for the highest concentration of 10 mol/L. While NASH type gel predominated with increasing MK content. In both cases, the content of CSH appeared constant.

玻璃在全世界每年可利用的固体废物中占很大一部分。在大多数国家的城市地区，玻璃废料的回收存在问题，因为废玻璃最终会进入垃圾填埋场，从而构成环境问题和公共卫生问题。另一方面，已证明磨细的玻璃具有优异的火山灰活性，并已成功地用于以高收率代替混凝土中的一部分水泥。而且，近年来，在碱活化材料中玻璃的再循环引起了极大的兴趣。这项工作是基于对含有偏高岭土的可循环使用的玻璃粉基碱活化砂浆的优化研究得出的。首先，诸如w / b比，活化温度，热活化持续时间等参数的影响，研究了固化条件（温度和湿度）对试样力学性能的影响。降低w / b可以提高材料的强度，而w / b的最佳值等于0.42。抗压强度随活化温度升高至60°C而增加。在此温度以上，强度显着下降。热活化持续时间的增加也引起了强度的提高。发现热激活3天可提供最佳强度。但是，节约能源的时间为2天。研究了三种固化条件，包括正常固化（20°C / 100％HR）和两个特殊固化条件（20°C / 50％RH）和（40°C / 50％RH）。在（20°C / 50％RH）下固化的样品具有更好的机械强度。因此，将该固化条件定义为所研究体系的最佳条件。然后，研究了在限定条件下偏高岭土和NaOH浓度对活化材料的力学性能，微观结构和热行为的影响。结果表明，相对于聚合反应而言，增加NaOH浓度有利于溶解反应，从而延迟了整个地聚过程。相比之下，偏高岭土的加入促进了聚合过程，诱导了基质的致密化，强度逐渐提高。为研究系统定义的最佳条件为：w / b = 0.42; 92 wt％GP / 8 wt％MK在60°C下用5 mol / L NaOH活化2天，固化条件为20°C / 50％RH。在研究的材料中已检测到三种类型的凝胶：硅酸钠凝胶，CS–H和NASH型凝胶。NaOH浓度的增加有利于形成最高浓度为10 mol / L的碳酸硅钠和碳酸。而NASH型凝胶则以增加的MK含量为主。在这两种情况下，CSH的含量均保持不变。