Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancy, has been shown to present different cytogenetic abnormalities, risk factors, and clinico-hematological features in different populations and geographic areas. Herein, we determined the cytogenetic spectrum and clinico-hematological features of Iranian MDS patients for the first time. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 patients with MDS in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, from 2014 to 2018. Clinical presentations, complete blood counts (CBC), and bone marrow (BM) biopsy samples were assessed. Perls' staining was used to evaluate BM iron storage. The cytogenetic evaluation was performed using the conventional G banding method on the BM. Patients’ median age was 62.3 (ranged from 50–76), and the majority were male (72.8%). The most common clinical symptom at the time of admission was fatigue (n = 33) followed by pallor (n = 27). The most common subgroup was MDS-Multi Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-MLD) (n = 38, 36.8%), followed by MDS-Single Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-SLD) (n = 28, 18.4%). A normal karyotype was observed in 59 patients (57.3%), while 44 patients (42.7%) had cytogenetic abnormalities. Trisomy 8 (+ 8) was the most common cytogenetic abnormality (n = 14) followed by del 17p (n = 9) and monosomy 7 (− 7) (n = 7). Twelve patients (11.65%) were transformed to AML. Our data betokened that among our MDS patients, Trisomy 8 is the predominant cytogenetic abnormality, and MDS-MLD and MDS-SLD are the most common of subtypes. Noteworthy, the male: female ratio was slightly higher in Iran than in previous reports from other parts of the world. Our study is the first report of the clinical, hematological, and cytogenetic spectrum of MDS patients in Iran

中文翻译：

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成人骨髓增生异常综合症的临床血液学和细胞遗传学谱：伊朗患者的首次回顾性横断面研究

骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）是造血系统恶性肿瘤的异质性组，在不同人群和地理区域内表现出不同的细胞遗传学异常，危险因素和临床血液学特征。本文中，我们首次确定了伊朗MDS患者的细胞遗传学谱和临床血液学特征。这项前瞻性横断面研究于2014年至2018年在伊朗西南部的阿瓦士对103名MDS患者进行了研究。对临床表现，全血细胞计数（CBC）和骨髓（BM）活检样本进行了评估。Perls染色用于评估BM铁的储藏。使用常规G条带法对BM进行细胞遗传学评估。患者的中位年龄为62.3岁（范围为50-76），大多数为男性（72.8％）。入院时最常见的临床症状是疲劳（n = 33），其次是苍白（n = 27）。最常见的亚组是MDS多谱系发育不良（MDS-MLD）（n = 38，36.8％），其次是MDS-单谱系发育不良（MDS-SLD）（n = 28，18.4％）。59例患者（57.3％）观察到正常的核型，而44例患者（42.7％）具有细胞遗传学异常。三体性8（+ 8）是最常见的细胞遗传学异常（n = 14），其次是del 17p（n = 9）和单体性7（-7）（n = 7）。12名患者（11.65％）被转化为AML。我们的数据表明，在我们的MDS患者中，Trisomy 8是主要的细胞遗传学异常，而MDS-MLD和MDS-SLD是最常见的亚型。值得注意的是，伊朗的男女比例比世界其他地区先前的报道略高。