We are able to compare intensities across different sorts of stimuli, like in matching the brightness of visual stimuli of different hue, or the loudness of auditory stimuli of different spectral shapes. We can even match the brightness of a visual stimulus to the loudness of a tone, and vice versa. The term cross-dimensional matching is used to subsume these kinds of intra- and cross-modal tasks. The often replicated regression effect in cross-dimensional matching relates to the observation that the intensity of whatever stimulus is adjusted exhibits a tendency toward some mean magnitude, which is interpreted as serving as an internal reference. Internal references, however, are not part of psychophysical theory in the tradition of Stevens. They form a key ingredient for the theory of global psychophysics initiated by R. Duncan Luce, which also makes explicit Stevens' assumption of an underlying ratio scale of perceived intensity to which all sensations map, and renders it empirically testable. The present article generalizes Luce's theory of cross-dimensional magnitude production (Luce et al., 2010) to integrate potentially role-dependent internal references (pertaining to the standard, or the adjusted stimulus) as suggested by the regression effect. Reconsidering available empirical evidence for magnitude production and matching experiments in the light of these theoretical developments leads to a coherent picture. The results indicate that internal references are role-dependent in cross-dimensional tasks (intra- or cross-modal), but role-independent in intra-dimensional tasks. Moreover, predictions derived from the generalized theory provide a close fit to classical matching data. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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跨模式判断中的内部参考：全球心理物理学的观点。

我们能够比较不同种类刺激的强度，例如匹配不同色调的视觉刺激的亮度或不同光谱形状的听觉刺激的响度。我们甚至可以将视觉刺激的亮度与音调的响度进行匹配，反之亦然。术语“跨维度匹配”用于包含这些类型的内部和交叉模式任务。跨维度匹配中经常复制的回归效应与以下观察结果有关，即观察到的调整后的任何刺激强度都呈现出趋向某个平均幅度的趋势，这被解释为是内部参考。但是，内部引用不是史蒂文斯传统中的心理物理学理论的一部分。它们构成了由R. Duncan Luce发起的全球心理物理学理论的关键要素，这也使史蒂文斯（Stevens）明确假设所有感知都能映射到感知强度的潜在比率范围，并使其在经验上可以检验。本文归纳了Luce的跨维度量产理论（Luce等，2010），以整合潜在的依赖于角色的内部参考（符合标准或调整后的刺激），如回归效应所暗示的那样。根据这些理论发展，重新考虑可用于数量级产生的经验证据，并根据这些理论发展进行匹配实验，得出了连贯的图景。结果表明，内部引用在多维任务（内部或交叉模式）中与角色有关，而在多维任务中与角色无关。而且，从广义理论得出的预测结果非常适合经典匹配数据。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。