Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play crucial roles in regulating protein function and thereby control many cellular processes and biological phenotypes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Several recent studies illustrate how plant fungal and bacterial pathogens use these PTMs to facilitate development, stress response, and host infection. In this review, we discuss PTMs that have key roles in the biological and infection processes of plant-pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The emerging roles of PTMs during pathogen-plant interactions are highlighted. We also summarize traditional tools and emerging proteomics approaches for PTM research. These discoveries open new avenues for investigating the fundamental infection mechanisms of plant pathogens and the discovery of novel strategies for plant disease control. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology, Volume 59 is August 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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翻译后修饰在植物致病真菌和细菌中的新兴作用。

翻译后修饰（PTM）在调节蛋白质功能中起着至关重要的作用，从而控制真核生物和原核生物的许多细胞过程和生物学表型。最近的一些研究表明，植物真菌和细菌病原体如何利用这些PTM促进发育，胁迫反应和宿主感染。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在植物致病性真菌和细菌的生物学和感染过程中具有关键作用的PTM。突出了PTM在病原体-植物相互作用中的新兴作用。我们还总结了用于PTM研究的传统工具和新兴的蛋白质组学方法。这些发现为研究植物病原体的基本感染机制和发现植物病害控制新策略开辟了新途径。