Nowadays, information processing is based on semiconductor (e.g., silicon) devices. Unfortunately, the performance of such devices has natural limitations owing to the physics of semiconductors. Therefore, the problem of finding new strategies for storing and processing an ever-increasing amount of diverse data is very urgent. To solve this problem, scientists have found inspiration in nature, because living organisms have developed uniquely productive and efficient mechanisms for processing and storing information. We address several biological aspects of information and artificial models mimicking corresponding bioprocesses. For instance, we review the formation of synchronization patterns and the emergence of order out of chaos in model chemical systems. We also consider molecular logic and ion fluxes as information carriers. Finally, we consider recent progress in infochemistry, a new direction at the interface of chemistry, biology, and computer science, considering unconventional methods of information processing. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 12 is June 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

---

信息化学与化学信息处理的未来。

如今，信息处理是基于半导体（例如硅）设备的。不幸的是，由于半导体的物理性质，这种设备的性能具有自然的局限性。因此，寻找新的策略来存储和处理数量不断增加的多样化数据的问题非常迫切。为了解决这个问题，科学家们在自然界中找到了灵感，因为活生物体已经开发出独特的生产性和高效机制来处理和存储信息。我们解决了一些生物学方面的信息和模仿相应生物过程的人工模型。例如，我们回顾了模型化学系统中同步模式的形成和乱序的出现。我们还将分子逻辑和离子通量视为信息载体。最后，我们考虑了信息化学的最新进展，这是化学，生物学和计算机科学之间的一个新方向，考虑了非常规的信息处理方法。《化学和生物分子工程年度评论》第12卷的最终最终在线发布日期为2021年6月。有关修订的估算，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。